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Titre : Interactions génotype-milieu de variétés de blé tendre (Triticum aestivum L.) sous stress hydrique Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Karima Kara, Auteur ; Louhichi Brinis, Directeur de thèse Editeur : Constantine : Université Mentouri Constantine Année de publication : 2015 Importance : 200 f. Format : 30 cm. Note générale : 2 copies imprimées disponibles
Langues : Français (fre) Tags : Triticum aestivum stress hydrique marqueurs physiologiques paramètres agronomiques marqueurs biochimiques marqueurs technologiques interaction génotypesmilieu water stress physiological markers agronomic parameters biochemical markers technological markers genotype-environment interaction ??????? ?????? ?????? ????????? ?????? ??????????? ????? ?????- ???? Index. décimale : 570 Sciences de la vie. Biologie Résumé : Knowledge of the physiological, biochemical, agronomic and technological traits involved in plant adaptation process to abiotic stresses is a decisive step in the fight against drought. This study is a contribution to understanding the mechanisms of tolerance to water stress in bread wheat varieties Triticum aestivum L. and to establish genotype-environment interactions to evaluate the genotypic variability.
In the first series of tests, the study shows that the varieties introduced Cham 6 Hamam 1 and Attila are the most productive. The local variety Ain Abid followed by Attila of Angi-4 are the most tolerant to water stress.
The second experimental trial is to test during two campaigns, 10 bread wheat lines at three different geo-climatic sites: Setif, Constantine and Guelma. The results of phenological, morphological and agronomic parameters fluctuate over time and space. The earliest species provide lower performance parameters to Guelma, while the later varieties give the best yields in Constantine. Local varieties Ain Abid, Arz and introduced line Prl / 2 * Pastor provide the best yield and its components on Setif sites. This last line with Pastor / Wbll1 and Hidhab feature a performance by high yield and components of yield on Constantine and Guelma.
The interaction genotype-environment is very highly significant between all studied agronomic parameters.
On the site of Setif (semi-arid) are rated the highest levels of total protein for Thelin line // 2 * Attila * 2 / Pastor, while Prl / 2 * Pastor accumulates the most important starch contents on Constantine site. Total protein levels are higher on experimental testing of Setif, while higher levels of starch and moisture are obtained for all varieties grown on Constantine and Guelma. The genotype-environment interaction is highly significant for all biochemical and technological parameters. The data show that the line Kauz / Pastor / Fiscal has the highest values W (dough strength) to G (swelling of dough), it also gives the best Pelshenke compared to other lines, it is followed by Pastor / Wbll1 and Thelin // 2 * Attila * 2 / Pastor lines. The latter are characterized by a very high baking strength (strength of wheat). It's on the sites of Setif and Guelma that are expressed wheat lines with the most efficient technological parameters.
The wide variability in gluten strength, character controlled mainly by the allelic variation of loci Glu-A1; Glu-B1; Glu-D1, gives an idea about the genetic diversity obtained by expression and composition of these loci. Gluten, rheological parameters alveograph (W, P), Pelshenke test and SDS sedimentation volume vary as a function of the allelic diversity HMW glutenins. The results show the superiority of the alleles 22, (6 + 8), (7 + 9), (2 + 12), (10 + 5) and (7 + 8), compared to other alleles controlling these parameters.
Diplôme : Doctorat en sciences En ligne : ../theses/biologie/KAR6756.pdf Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : https://bu.umc.edu.dz/md/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=9859 Interactions génotype-milieu de variétés de blé tendre (Triticum aestivum L.) sous stress hydrique [texte imprimé] / Karima Kara, Auteur ; Louhichi Brinis, Directeur de thèse . - Constantine : Université Mentouri Constantine, 2015 . - 200 f. ; 30 cm.
2 copies imprimées disponibles
Langues : Français (fre)
Tags : Triticum aestivum stress hydrique marqueurs physiologiques paramètres agronomiques marqueurs biochimiques marqueurs technologiques interaction génotypesmilieu water stress physiological markers agronomic parameters biochemical markers technological markers genotype-environment interaction ??????? ?????? ?????? ????????? ?????? ??????????? ????? ?????- ???? Index. décimale : 570 Sciences de la vie. Biologie Résumé : Knowledge of the physiological, biochemical, agronomic and technological traits involved in plant adaptation process to abiotic stresses is a decisive step in the fight against drought. This study is a contribution to understanding the mechanisms of tolerance to water stress in bread wheat varieties Triticum aestivum L. and to establish genotype-environment interactions to evaluate the genotypic variability.
In the first series of tests, the study shows that the varieties introduced Cham 6 Hamam 1 and Attila are the most productive. The local variety Ain Abid followed by Attila of Angi-4 are the most tolerant to water stress.
The second experimental trial is to test during two campaigns, 10 bread wheat lines at three different geo-climatic sites: Setif, Constantine and Guelma. The results of phenological, morphological and agronomic parameters fluctuate over time and space. The earliest species provide lower performance parameters to Guelma, while the later varieties give the best yields in Constantine. Local varieties Ain Abid, Arz and introduced line Prl / 2 * Pastor provide the best yield and its components on Setif sites. This last line with Pastor / Wbll1 and Hidhab feature a performance by high yield and components of yield on Constantine and Guelma.
The interaction genotype-environment is very highly significant between all studied agronomic parameters.
On the site of Setif (semi-arid) are rated the highest levels of total protein for Thelin line // 2 * Attila * 2 / Pastor, while Prl / 2 * Pastor accumulates the most important starch contents on Constantine site. Total protein levels are higher on experimental testing of Setif, while higher levels of starch and moisture are obtained for all varieties grown on Constantine and Guelma. The genotype-environment interaction is highly significant for all biochemical and technological parameters. The data show that the line Kauz / Pastor / Fiscal has the highest values W (dough strength) to G (swelling of dough), it also gives the best Pelshenke compared to other lines, it is followed by Pastor / Wbll1 and Thelin // 2 * Attila * 2 / Pastor lines. The latter are characterized by a very high baking strength (strength of wheat). It's on the sites of Setif and Guelma that are expressed wheat lines with the most efficient technological parameters.
The wide variability in gluten strength, character controlled mainly by the allelic variation of loci Glu-A1; Glu-B1; Glu-D1, gives an idea about the genetic diversity obtained by expression and composition of these loci. Gluten, rheological parameters alveograph (W, P), Pelshenke test and SDS sedimentation volume vary as a function of the allelic diversity HMW glutenins. The results show the superiority of the alleles 22, (6 + 8), (7 + 9), (2 + 12), (10 + 5) and (7 + 8), compared to other alleles controlling these parameters.
Diplôme : Doctorat en sciences En ligne : ../theses/biologie/KAR6756.pdf Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : https://bu.umc.edu.dz/md/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=9859 Exemplaires (1)
Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité KAR/6756 KAR/6756 Thèse Bibliothèque principale Thèses Disponible 
Titre : Caractérisation de la tolérance à la sécheresse chez le blé dur (Triticum durum Desf) : Analyse de la physiologie et de la capacité en production Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Ratiba Bousba, Auteur ; Nadia Ykhlef, Directeur de thèse Editeur : Constantine : Université Mentouri Constantine Année de publication : 2012 Importance : 169 f. Format : 30 cm. Note générale : 2 copies imprimées disponibles Langues : Français (fre) Tags : Triticum durum Desf stress hydrique adaptation Photosynthèse nette WUE R. stomatique TRE osmolytes génétique d'association SSR et PIC water deficit Net Photosynthesis R. stomatal RWC association genetic SSR and PIC ????? ?????? ???????? ?????????????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ? ???????? ???????? Index. décimale : 570 Sciences de la vie. Biologie Résumé :
Knowledge of the physiological characteristics, biochemical and agronomic processes involved in plant adaptation to abiotic stresses is a milestone in fight against drought. Forty varieties of wheat (Triticum durum) from various sources were used in this study. With three experiments, a semi-controlled test conditions, a field test and a controlled test in growth room, with each experiment, stressful conditions (rain or water deficit) and irrigated. In the first trial several physiological parameterswere studied on six varieties of durum wheat. However, the second trial was conducted in order to compare field production and performance of varieties studied in culture conditions, several measurements were made during development of the plant phenological traits, physiological such as water status of the plant (RWC and RWL) and osmotic potential, morphological parameters and yield and its components. A third experiment was conducted in this study to determine the genetic basis of phenotypic variation. This approach analyzes the statistical association between phenotypic variation and genetic polymorphism using molecular markers like SSR (Simple Sequence Repeat). The results show highly significant genotypic differences for all measured parameters. The recorded observations show that water deficit causes, in all varieties, a progressive decrease of chlorophyll and increased stomatal resistance resulting in a decrease in photosynthetic activity and consequently a decrease in production of dry matter. However, under the same conditions of water stress, introduced varieties have good ability to adaptations ompared to local varieties. Nevertheless the variety (Beliouni) is the variety most productive compared to other local varieties. Positive
correlations were observed betweennet photosynthesis and production ofdry matter. And a significant effect stress and genotype was revealed in the second test, our results show that the water deficit causes a decrease in the relative water content and osmotic potential TRE (Po) of all varieties, which was adjusted by an accumulation of soluble sugarsand proline. This accumulation of osmoticums was very important, very well marked among varieties under stress. Concerning the molecular approach and the genetic association between genotypic and phenotypic variation. The results of this section have shown that phenotypic variation are highly significant, as revealed by a principal component analysis, describing 74% of total variation introduced by two axes ; CP1 and CP2. The hierarchical classification (cluster)show the distribution of genotypes according to their phenotypic variation, based on their origins. For association analysis, the results show that the markers used are significantly associated with the traits studied. The majority of these studied markers were significantly associated with the traits studied , located on chromosome4B. For productivity , three significant SSR markers were detected respectively associated: (WMS149 (p <0.01), WMS30_2) (p <0.05), WMC177_2 ( p <0.05) respectively with 68.94%, 99.46% and 49.74% of phenotypic variation, located on chromosome 4B, 3A and 2A. Also, the hypothesis of association of SSR with heading date (HD) was tested by the GLM (General Linear Model), two SSR markers were found significantly associated with HD they are: (WMS6(p <0.01) located on chromosome 4B, with 96.84% of phenotypic variation, and WMC445(p <0.05) on chromosome 5A with 32.46% of phenotypic variation.
Our results also reveal a significant allelic diversity is characterized by high values of polymorphism information content (PIC), the mean value obtained for all primers was 74%, the highest ones were obtained for WMC177and WMC78markers with (94% and 93%), respectively,
this is in agreement with the large number of alleles detected by these markers, these results reinforces and justify the choice to use these primers association analysis in our durum wheat varieties.Diplôme : Doctorat en sciences En ligne : ../theses/biologie/BOU6394.pdf Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : https://bu.umc.edu.dz/md/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=9409 Caractérisation de la tolérance à la sécheresse chez le blé dur (Triticum durum Desf) : Analyse de la physiologie et de la capacité en production [texte imprimé] / Ratiba Bousba, Auteur ; Nadia Ykhlef, Directeur de thèse . - Constantine : Université Mentouri Constantine, 2012 . - 169 f. ; 30 cm.
2 copies imprimées disponibles
Langues : Français (fre)
Tags : Triticum durum Desf stress hydrique adaptation Photosynthèse nette WUE R. stomatique TRE osmolytes génétique d'association SSR et PIC water deficit Net Photosynthesis R. stomatal RWC association genetic SSR and PIC ????? ?????? ???????? ?????????????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ? ???????? ???????? Index. décimale : 570 Sciences de la vie. Biologie Résumé :
Knowledge of the physiological characteristics, biochemical and agronomic processes involved in plant adaptation to abiotic stresses is a milestone in fight against drought. Forty varieties of wheat (Triticum durum) from various sources were used in this study. With three experiments, a semi-controlled test conditions, a field test and a controlled test in growth room, with each experiment, stressful conditions (rain or water deficit) and irrigated. In the first trial several physiological parameterswere studied on six varieties of durum wheat. However, the second trial was conducted in order to compare field production and performance of varieties studied in culture conditions, several measurements were made during development of the plant phenological traits, physiological such as water status of the plant (RWC and RWL) and osmotic potential, morphological parameters and yield and its components. A third experiment was conducted in this study to determine the genetic basis of phenotypic variation. This approach analyzes the statistical association between phenotypic variation and genetic polymorphism using molecular markers like SSR (Simple Sequence Repeat). The results show highly significant genotypic differences for all measured parameters. The recorded observations show that water deficit causes, in all varieties, a progressive decrease of chlorophyll and increased stomatal resistance resulting in a decrease in photosynthetic activity and consequently a decrease in production of dry matter. However, under the same conditions of water stress, introduced varieties have good ability to adaptations ompared to local varieties. Nevertheless the variety (Beliouni) is the variety most productive compared to other local varieties. Positive
correlations were observed betweennet photosynthesis and production ofdry matter. And a significant effect stress and genotype was revealed in the second test, our results show that the water deficit causes a decrease in the relative water content and osmotic potential TRE (Po) of all varieties, which was adjusted by an accumulation of soluble sugarsand proline. This accumulation of osmoticums was very important, very well marked among varieties under stress. Concerning the molecular approach and the genetic association between genotypic and phenotypic variation. The results of this section have shown that phenotypic variation are highly significant, as revealed by a principal component analysis, describing 74% of total variation introduced by two axes ; CP1 and CP2. The hierarchical classification (cluster)show the distribution of genotypes according to their phenotypic variation, based on their origins. For association analysis, the results show that the markers used are significantly associated with the traits studied. The majority of these studied markers were significantly associated with the traits studied , located on chromosome4B. For productivity , three significant SSR markers were detected respectively associated: (WMS149 (p <0.01), WMS30_2) (p <0.05), WMC177_2 ( p <0.05) respectively with 68.94%, 99.46% and 49.74% of phenotypic variation, located on chromosome 4B, 3A and 2A. Also, the hypothesis of association of SSR with heading date (HD) was tested by the GLM (General Linear Model), two SSR markers were found significantly associated with HD they are: (WMS6(p <0.01) located on chromosome 4B, with 96.84% of phenotypic variation, and WMC445(p <0.05) on chromosome 5A with 32.46% of phenotypic variation.
Our results also reveal a significant allelic diversity is characterized by high values of polymorphism information content (PIC), the mean value obtained for all primers was 74%, the highest ones were obtained for WMC177and WMC78markers with (94% and 93%), respectively,
this is in agreement with the large number of alleles detected by these markers, these results reinforces and justify the choice to use these primers association analysis in our durum wheat varieties.Diplôme : Doctorat en sciences En ligne : ../theses/biologie/BOU6394.pdf Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : https://bu.umc.edu.dz/md/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=9409 Exemplaires
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Titre : Valorisation du Pin pignon (Pinus pinea L.) dans la région de Djebel Ouahch - Constantine Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Chaima Touaba, Auteur ; Djamel Alatou, Directeur de thèse Editeur : جامعة الإخوة منتوري قسنطينة Année de publication : 2018 Importance : 274 f. Format : 30 cm. Note générale : 2 copies imprimées disponibles
Langues : Français (fre) Tags : Stone pine (Pinus pinea) Djebel Ouahch growth phenology thermal stress hydric stress biochemical markers croissance phénologie stress thermique stress hydrique marqueurs biochimiques ??????? ?????? ??? ????? ??? ???????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ????????????? Index. décimale : 570 Sciences de la vie. Biologie Résumé : The Stone pine (Pinus pinea L.) is a forest tree species to be valorized on the economic level by its production of wood and pine nuts. In Algeria, it occupies a total surface of 3506 ha; the largest surface is located on the massif of Djebel Ouahch 2278 ha.
The present work aimed mainly at determining on the development and adaptation of this forest species in the zone of Djebel Ouahch for possible reforestations in form of equilateral plantings with a medium age of 40 years. Medium fruit-bearing production is assessed between 3,80 and 523,76 tons of pine nuts in shells. In good conditions, the quantity of harvested is 554,110 cone / hectare in the studied zone.
The physicochemical characterization of the study zone reveals a balanced texture, with a low percentage in loam (~ 27 %), a medium pH ranged between 6 - 7.5 and a very low total quantity of limestone.
On morphological level, the germinal capacity of seeds is of good quality with a bellow and above-ground live biomass fairly sustained. These morphological parameters showed a statistically significant difference among different treatments and seasons.
The seedlings grown in semi controlled conditions suffer from short –term stresses (03 hrs) in a range of temperature varying between-10 °C and 50°C while the biochemical markers (chlorophyll, proline, soluble sugars, proteins and enzymes) are quantified.
Under a thermal pressure, the results show an increase of the chlorophyll pigments at 38°C. The seedlings show an adaptation to lower temperatures at 44°C for the proline, the soluble sugars, the catalase and MDA. The intensity of hydric and thermal stress is significant for all analyzed parameters.
The Pine Seedlings are capable to accumulate the different osmolytes in the different organs in response to combined stress. The accumulation of soluble sugars is highly marked for the control at 38°C; while the increase of the proline is very significant in roots under thermal pressure at 38°C at level N1 and at 44°C at level N2 (55 %). The Seedlings show clear features of biochemical adaptation in response to combined, hydric and thermal, fluctuations.
The phenology analysis was observed on branches of a growth ranging between 15-20 years in the region of Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur and in the region of Djebel Ouahch. The exclusion of rainfall diminished the annual number of growth cycles of shoots and their duration and also the speed of needles growth.
The quality of the populations of Stone pine is moderately stable with a weak rate of regeneration and a quite high mortality rate due to anthropic action and fires.
Diplôme : Doctorat En ligne : ../theses/biologie/TOU7227.pdf Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : https://bu.umc.edu.dz/md/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=10800 Valorisation du Pin pignon (Pinus pinea L.) dans la région de Djebel Ouahch - Constantine [texte imprimé] / Chaima Touaba, Auteur ; Djamel Alatou, Directeur de thèse . - [S.l.] : جامعة الإخوة منتوري قسنطينة, 2018 . - 274 f. ; 30 cm.
2 copies imprimées disponibles
Langues : Français (fre)
Tags : Stone pine (Pinus pinea) Djebel Ouahch growth phenology thermal stress hydric stress biochemical markers croissance phénologie stress thermique stress hydrique marqueurs biochimiques ??????? ?????? ??? ????? ??? ???????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ????????????? Index. décimale : 570 Sciences de la vie. Biologie Résumé : The Stone pine (Pinus pinea L.) is a forest tree species to be valorized on the economic level by its production of wood and pine nuts. In Algeria, it occupies a total surface of 3506 ha; the largest surface is located on the massif of Djebel Ouahch 2278 ha.
The present work aimed mainly at determining on the development and adaptation of this forest species in the zone of Djebel Ouahch for possible reforestations in form of equilateral plantings with a medium age of 40 years. Medium fruit-bearing production is assessed between 3,80 and 523,76 tons of pine nuts in shells. In good conditions, the quantity of harvested is 554,110 cone / hectare in the studied zone.
The physicochemical characterization of the study zone reveals a balanced texture, with a low percentage in loam (~ 27 %), a medium pH ranged between 6 - 7.5 and a very low total quantity of limestone.
On morphological level, the germinal capacity of seeds is of good quality with a bellow and above-ground live biomass fairly sustained. These morphological parameters showed a statistically significant difference among different treatments and seasons.
The seedlings grown in semi controlled conditions suffer from short –term stresses (03 hrs) in a range of temperature varying between-10 °C and 50°C while the biochemical markers (chlorophyll, proline, soluble sugars, proteins and enzymes) are quantified.
Under a thermal pressure, the results show an increase of the chlorophyll pigments at 38°C. The seedlings show an adaptation to lower temperatures at 44°C for the proline, the soluble sugars, the catalase and MDA. The intensity of hydric and thermal stress is significant for all analyzed parameters.
The Pine Seedlings are capable to accumulate the different osmolytes in the different organs in response to combined stress. The accumulation of soluble sugars is highly marked for the control at 38°C; while the increase of the proline is very significant in roots under thermal pressure at 38°C at level N1 and at 44°C at level N2 (55 %). The Seedlings show clear features of biochemical adaptation in response to combined, hydric and thermal, fluctuations.
The phenology analysis was observed on branches of a growth ranging between 15-20 years in the region of Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur and in the region of Djebel Ouahch. The exclusion of rainfall diminished the annual number of growth cycles of shoots and their duration and also the speed of needles growth.
The quality of the populations of Stone pine is moderately stable with a weak rate of regeneration and a quite high mortality rate due to anthropic action and fires.
Diplôme : Doctorat En ligne : ../theses/biologie/TOU7227.pdf Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : https://bu.umc.edu.dz/md/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=10800 Exemplaires
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Titre : Effets d'une contrainte abiotique (Stress hydrique) sur la plante et les composants de la gaine de Vicia faba L. (leguminosae) Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Ratiba Bounouar née Bousba, Auteur ; Université Mentouri, Editeur scientifique ; R Merghem, Directeur de thèse Année de publication : 2001 Importance : 93 f. Note générale : 02 disponibles au magasin de la bibliothèque centrale
01 disponible à la salle de rechercheLangues : Français (fre) Tags : Adaptation Vicia faba L. Stress hydrique Proline Tannin Sucre soluble Index. décimale : 570 Sciences de la vie. Biologie Diplôme : Magistère Permalink : https://bu.umc.edu.dz/md/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=1464 Effets d'une contrainte abiotique (Stress hydrique) sur la plante et les composants de la gaine de Vicia faba L. (leguminosae) [texte imprimé] / Ratiba Bounouar née Bousba, Auteur ; Université Mentouri, Editeur scientifique ; R Merghem, Directeur de thèse . - 2001 . - 93 f.
02 disponibles au magasin de la bibliothèque centrale
01 disponible à la salle de recherche
Langues : Français (fre)
Tags : Adaptation Vicia faba L. Stress hydrique Proline Tannin Sucre soluble Index. décimale : 570 Sciences de la vie. Biologie Diplôme : Magistère Permalink : https://bu.umc.edu.dz/md/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=1464 Exemplaires
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Titre : Effet du stress hydrique sur quelques paramètres physiologiques et la composition lipidique des feuilles plantules de blé dur (Triticum durum desf) Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Université Mentouri, Editeur scientifique Année de publication : 1998 Importance : 70 f. Note générale : 01 Disponible salle de recherche
02 Disponibles au magasin de la bibliothèque centraleLangues : Français (fre) Tags : Blé dur Stress hydrique Feuille Index. décimale : 570 Sciences de la vie. Biologie Permalink : https://bu.umc.edu.dz/md/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=1552 Effet du stress hydrique sur quelques paramètres physiologiques et la composition lipidique des feuilles plantules de blé dur (Triticum durum desf) [texte imprimé] / Université Mentouri, Editeur scientifique . - 1998 . - 70 f.
01 Disponible salle de recherche
02 Disponibles au magasin de la bibliothèque centrale
Langues : Français (fre)
Tags : Blé dur Stress hydrique Feuille Index. décimale : 570 Sciences de la vie. Biologie Permalink : https://bu.umc.edu.dz/md/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=1552 Exemplaires (1)
Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité BOU/3089 BOU/3089 Thèse Bibliothèque principale Thèses Disponible
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