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Auteur Noreddine Kacem Chaouche |
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Affiner la recherche Interroger des sources externesEtude de la Laccase produite par des Mycètes isolés à partir de différents ecosystèmes Algériens / Sara Benhassine
Titre : Etude de la Laccase produite par des Mycètes isolés à partir de différents ecosystèmes Algériens Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Sara Benhassine, Auteur ; Noreddine Kacem Chaouche, Directeur de thèse Editeur : جامعة الإخوة منتوري قسنطينة Année de publication : 2017 Importance : 104 f. Format : 30 cm. Note générale : 2 copies imprimées disponibles
Langues : Français (fre) Catégories : Français - Anglais
BiologieTags : لكاز بقايا اليقطين أخضر الملكيت أحمر الكونغو
Laccase Trichoderma longibrachiatum Trametes versicolor Chaetomium
globosum pumpkin waste Malachite Green Congo Red déchets de citrouille Vert de Malachite Rouge CongoIndex. décimale : 570 Sciences de la vie. Biologie Résumé : 1 fungal isolates were isolated from forests in eastern Algeria (Kenouaâ, Belezma and
Chettaba), three of them showed positive laccase activity. The morphological and molecular
study carried out allowed identifying them as Trichoderma longibrachiatum, Trametes
versicolor and Chaetomium globosum.
The production kinetics of laccase on PDB medium exposed that Chaetomium globosum
produced a large amount of laccase after 12 days of fermentation, reaching 550 U / L in
Erlens and 987U / L in 20 L fermenter, while Trametes versicolor secretes after 8 days of
fermentation 1400 U / L of laccasic activity in Erlens and 833U / L in fermenter (20L).
Furthermore, the laccase activity secreted by Trametes versicolor has been shown to be at its
maximum at pH 3 and at 55 ° C., whereas the enzymatic activity produced by Chaetomium
globosum reaches its maximum at 35 ° C. and at pH between 5 and 6.
The partial characterization of laccase performed on a Native page gel revealed two different
isozymes produced by Trametes versicolor (Lac1 and Lac2) and a single isozyme produced
by Chaetomium globosum.
The study of laccase production using waste media showed the ability of Trametes versicolor
and Chaetomium globosum to produce laccase on all media tested, however, the optimum of
laccase produced by Trametes versicolor (350U / L) and by Chaetomium globosum (400 U /
L) is obtained on pumpkin waste medium. According to the literature consulted, this work
is the first to use these two fungal strains for the production of laccase using only the
pumpkin waste as the exclusive source of carbon.
The study of synthetic dyes degradation carried out on solid medium and on submerged
medium, demonstrated that selective strains degrade two dyes effectively: Malachite Green
and Congo Red. Degradation was followed by spectrophotometric analysis and HPLC. It was
found that 100% decolorization of Congo Red by Trametes versicolor’s laccase was complete
after 45 minutes of reaction and Malachite green after 60 minutes. On the other hand, the
laccasic extract from Chaetomium globosum allowed a 100% discoloration of Malachite
Green and Congo Red after 55 minutes of reaction. This result can be promising, and
considerable progress in the field of biotechnological applications.
The literature consulted did not mention the ability of Chaetomium species to degrade
Malachite Green or Congo Red. As a result, this work is considered original.Diplôme : Doctorat En ligne : ../theses/biologie/BEN7062.pdf Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=10539 Etude de la Laccase produite par des Mycètes isolés à partir de différents ecosystèmes Algériens [texte imprimé] / Sara Benhassine, Auteur ; Noreddine Kacem Chaouche, Directeur de thèse . - جامعة الإخوة منتوري قسنطينة, 2017 . - 104 f. ; 30 cm.
2 copies imprimées disponibles
Langues : Français (fre)
Catégories : Français - Anglais
BiologieTags : لكاز بقايا اليقطين أخضر الملكيت أحمر الكونغو
Laccase Trichoderma longibrachiatum Trametes versicolor Chaetomium
globosum pumpkin waste Malachite Green Congo Red déchets de citrouille Vert de Malachite Rouge CongoIndex. décimale : 570 Sciences de la vie. Biologie Résumé : 1 fungal isolates were isolated from forests in eastern Algeria (Kenouaâ, Belezma and
Chettaba), three of them showed positive laccase activity. The morphological and molecular
study carried out allowed identifying them as Trichoderma longibrachiatum, Trametes
versicolor and Chaetomium globosum.
The production kinetics of laccase on PDB medium exposed that Chaetomium globosum
produced a large amount of laccase after 12 days of fermentation, reaching 550 U / L in
Erlens and 987U / L in 20 L fermenter, while Trametes versicolor secretes after 8 days of
fermentation 1400 U / L of laccasic activity in Erlens and 833U / L in fermenter (20L).
Furthermore, the laccase activity secreted by Trametes versicolor has been shown to be at its
maximum at pH 3 and at 55 ° C., whereas the enzymatic activity produced by Chaetomium
globosum reaches its maximum at 35 ° C. and at pH between 5 and 6.
The partial characterization of laccase performed on a Native page gel revealed two different
isozymes produced by Trametes versicolor (Lac1 and Lac2) and a single isozyme produced
by Chaetomium globosum.
The study of laccase production using waste media showed the ability of Trametes versicolor
and Chaetomium globosum to produce laccase on all media tested, however, the optimum of
laccase produced by Trametes versicolor (350U / L) and by Chaetomium globosum (400 U /
L) is obtained on pumpkin waste medium. According to the literature consulted, this work
is the first to use these two fungal strains for the production of laccase using only the
pumpkin waste as the exclusive source of carbon.
The study of synthetic dyes degradation carried out on solid medium and on submerged
medium, demonstrated that selective strains degrade two dyes effectively: Malachite Green
and Congo Red. Degradation was followed by spectrophotometric analysis and HPLC. It was
found that 100% decolorization of Congo Red by Trametes versicolor’s laccase was complete
after 45 minutes of reaction and Malachite green after 60 minutes. On the other hand, the
laccasic extract from Chaetomium globosum allowed a 100% discoloration of Malachite
Green and Congo Red after 55 minutes of reaction. This result can be promising, and
considerable progress in the field of biotechnological applications.
The literature consulted did not mention the ability of Chaetomium species to degrade
Malachite Green or Congo Red. As a result, this work is considered original.Diplôme : Doctorat En ligne : ../theses/biologie/BEN7062.pdf Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=10539 Exemplaires (1)
Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité BEN/7062 BEN/7062 Thèse Bibliothèque principale Thèses Disponible
Titre : Evaluation de la contamination fongique et mycotoxique de la chaine de production de fruits dans l’Est Algérien : Utilisation de biomarqueurs d’effet. Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Hamida Krouma, Auteur ; Noreddine Kacem Chaouche, Directeur de thèse Mention d'édition : 08/07/2021 Editeur : جامعة الإخوة منتوري قسنطينة Année de publication : 2021 Importance : 131 f. Format : 30 cm. Note générale : Doctorat 3éme CYCLE LMD.
1 copies imprimées disponibles
Langues : Français (fre) Catégories : Français - Anglais
BiologieTags : Microbiologie: Bioprocédés et Biotechnologies,Applications Mycologiques Patuline Penicillium expansum pommes pathogénicité biomarqueurs d’effet Patulin apples pathogenicity effect biomarkers باتولين تفاح إمراضية تأثير المؤشرات الحيوية Index. décimale : 570 Sciences de la vie. Biologie Résumé :
The exploration of apples and apricots fruit samples from the Wilaya of Batna located in eastern Algeria (Aris and N'gaous) yielded 23 fungal isolates; three of them were selected as potential producers of mycotoxins by the antagonism test against sensitive bacteria. Morphological and molecular identification (DNA-ITS / β-tubulin analysis) of the isolates showed that they were 3 strains of Penicillium expansum, registered at GenBank under accession numbers MT023795, MN904449 and MN904448. The ability of these three strains to produce mycotoxins in vitro on YES liquid fermentation medium has made it possible to demonstrate the secretion of several secondary metabolites, including patulin. The use of the GC-MS technique for the identification of the various metabolites contained in the liquid cultures of the three strains revealed the presence of patulin in the three extracts, and those three isolates are known to be patulin-producing. The in vivo pathogenicity test by inoculation of spore suspensions of the three strains of Penicillium expansum in healthy apples belonging to the varieties Golden delicious and Fuji, revealed the appearance of typical symptoms of blue rot in apples in post-harvest. The ability to produce patulin in vivo by the three pathogens was performed by the same previous test, using the Golden delicious variety only. This test revealed that Penicillium expansum (MN904448) is the most virulent strain, inducing large diameter lesions and a remarkable rate of disease development compared to the other two strains. Furthermore, this strain is capable of producing a large quantity of patulin at 25 °C in 9 days reaching 469.4 µg / mL, the strain Penicillium expansum (MT023795) produces 360 µg / mL, while Penicillium expansum (MN04449) seems to produce the least important quantity estimated at 3 µg / mL. Research for patulin in the tissues of apples naturally infected with blue rot, intended for direct consumption, has shown the contamination of locally produced apples by patulin and its role as a biomarker of effect has been developed and deemed reliable. . Indeed, evaluation of the ability of patulin to diffuse into healthy apple tissue from the rotten area revealed the presence of patulin in visually healthy areas even after removing the entire infected area. This test is, moreover, supposed to be reliable as a biomarker of effect in the field of the diffusion of mycotoxins in fruits intended for consumption.
Note de contenu :
Annexes.Diplôme : Doctorat En ligne : ../theses/biologie/KRO7782.pdf Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=11614 Evaluation de la contamination fongique et mycotoxique de la chaine de production de fruits dans l’Est Algérien : Utilisation de biomarqueurs d’effet. [texte imprimé] / Hamida Krouma, Auteur ; Noreddine Kacem Chaouche, Directeur de thèse . - 08/07/2021 . - جامعة الإخوة منتوري قسنطينة, 2021 . - 131 f. ; 30 cm.
Doctorat 3éme CYCLE LMD.
1 copies imprimées disponibles
Langues : Français (fre)
Catégories : Français - Anglais
BiologieTags : Microbiologie: Bioprocédés et Biotechnologies,Applications Mycologiques Patuline Penicillium expansum pommes pathogénicité biomarqueurs d’effet Patulin apples pathogenicity effect biomarkers باتولين تفاح إمراضية تأثير المؤشرات الحيوية Index. décimale : 570 Sciences de la vie. Biologie Résumé :
The exploration of apples and apricots fruit samples from the Wilaya of Batna located in eastern Algeria (Aris and N'gaous) yielded 23 fungal isolates; three of them were selected as potential producers of mycotoxins by the antagonism test against sensitive bacteria. Morphological and molecular identification (DNA-ITS / β-tubulin analysis) of the isolates showed that they were 3 strains of Penicillium expansum, registered at GenBank under accession numbers MT023795, MN904449 and MN904448. The ability of these three strains to produce mycotoxins in vitro on YES liquid fermentation medium has made it possible to demonstrate the secretion of several secondary metabolites, including patulin. The use of the GC-MS technique for the identification of the various metabolites contained in the liquid cultures of the three strains revealed the presence of patulin in the three extracts, and those three isolates are known to be patulin-producing. The in vivo pathogenicity test by inoculation of spore suspensions of the three strains of Penicillium expansum in healthy apples belonging to the varieties Golden delicious and Fuji, revealed the appearance of typical symptoms of blue rot in apples in post-harvest. The ability to produce patulin in vivo by the three pathogens was performed by the same previous test, using the Golden delicious variety only. This test revealed that Penicillium expansum (MN904448) is the most virulent strain, inducing large diameter lesions and a remarkable rate of disease development compared to the other two strains. Furthermore, this strain is capable of producing a large quantity of patulin at 25 °C in 9 days reaching 469.4 µg / mL, the strain Penicillium expansum (MT023795) produces 360 µg / mL, while Penicillium expansum (MN04449) seems to produce the least important quantity estimated at 3 µg / mL. Research for patulin in the tissues of apples naturally infected with blue rot, intended for direct consumption, has shown the contamination of locally produced apples by patulin and its role as a biomarker of effect has been developed and deemed reliable. . Indeed, evaluation of the ability of patulin to diffuse into healthy apple tissue from the rotten area revealed the presence of patulin in visually healthy areas even after removing the entire infected area. This test is, moreover, supposed to be reliable as a biomarker of effect in the field of the diffusion of mycotoxins in fruits intended for consumption.
Note de contenu :
Annexes.Diplôme : Doctorat En ligne : ../theses/biologie/KRO7782.pdf Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=11614 Exemplaires (1)
Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité KRO/7782 KRO/7782 Thèse Bibliothèque principale Thèses Disponible
Titre : Exploitation et caractérisation des substances bioactives sécrétées par une souche d’Aspergillus sp. Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Afaf Sakhri, Auteur ; Noreddine Kacem Chaouche, Directeur de thèse Mention d'édition : 07-juil-20 Editeur : جامعة الإخوة منتوري قسنطينة Année de publication : 2020 Importance : 110 f. Format : 30 cm. Note générale : 1 copies imprimées disponibles
Langues : Français (fre) Catégories : Français - Anglais
BiologieTags : Microbiologie: Biochimie microbienne Aspergillus creber Activité antimicrobienne substances bioactives activité antioxydante UHPLC-HRMS/MS Versicolores Antimicrobial activity bioactive substances antioxidant activity Aspergillusالنشاط المضاد للميكروبات المواد النشطة بيولوجيا النشاط المضاد للأكسدة
Versicolores UHPLC-HRMS/ MIndex. décimale : 570 Sciences de la vie. Biologie Résumé :
The present work aims to evaluate some biological activities of a strain of spergillus and to identify its bioactive molecules potentially interesting. The exploration of corn samples destined to poultry feed allowed the isolation of 155 fungal strains belonging to the genus Aspergillus. One strain was selected, in vitro, by agar diffusion method, for its strong antimicrobial activity. Morphological and molecular identification of the selected isolate showed that it is Aspergillus creber. Preliminary test of the production of bioactive substances on different submerged culture media revealed that the Czapeck Yeast Broth (CYB) medium is the most favourable medium for this production. After the production of these molecules, the extraction was carried out using ethyl acetate. Study of the antimicrobial activity of ethyl acetate extract has shown that A. creber has a high activity against Candida albicans, with an MIC value of 0.325 mg / mL, followed by the multiresistant Gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus producing β-lactamase and Staphtloccoccus epidermidis resistant to methicillin with an MIC value of 0.625 mg / mL. Gram-negative bacteria were found to be more resistant with an MIC value ranging from 2.5 to 5 mg / mL. In addition, A. creber extract showed a significant capacity to trap free radicals DPPH • and ABTS • + with IC50 values of 108.76 ± 1.02 μg / mL and 90.82 ± 0.61 μg / mL respectively. A. creber extract showed also a powerful reducing power. The determination of total polyphenols by the FolinCiocalteu method showed a significant content of polyphenolic compounds estimated at 85.76 mg EGA / g. It is important to emphasize, that this work is the first one to have shown the ability of A. creber to produce molecules with antimicrobial and antioxidant activities. The chromatographic analysis of A. creber extract by ultra high performance liquid chromatography coupled with high resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC-HRMS / MS) allowed the identification of five known molecules as asperlactone, emodin, sterigmatocystin, deoxybrevianamide E and norsolorinic acid, in addition to five other molecules which seem to be close to the known molecules but with some differences demonstrated in this work. Thus, it is probably that are novel molecules. To our knowledge, the demonstration of the production of asperlactone by A. creber, is a first, no study has mentioned the ability of the species of Aspergillus section Versicolores, in particular A. creber, to produce this compound. These results are promising and are considered to be a remarkable advance in the research of natural bioactive substances.
Note de contenu :
Annexes.
Diplôme : Doctorat en sciences En ligne : ../theses/biologie/SAK7648.pdf Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=11482 Exploitation et caractérisation des substances bioactives sécrétées par une souche d’Aspergillus sp. [texte imprimé] / Afaf Sakhri, Auteur ; Noreddine Kacem Chaouche, Directeur de thèse . - 07-juil-20 . - جامعة الإخوة منتوري قسنطينة, 2020 . - 110 f. ; 30 cm.
1 copies imprimées disponibles
Langues : Français (fre)
Catégories : Français - Anglais
BiologieTags : Microbiologie: Biochimie microbienne Aspergillus creber Activité antimicrobienne substances bioactives activité antioxydante UHPLC-HRMS/MS Versicolores Antimicrobial activity bioactive substances antioxidant activity Aspergillusالنشاط المضاد للميكروبات المواد النشطة بيولوجيا النشاط المضاد للأكسدة
Versicolores UHPLC-HRMS/ MIndex. décimale : 570 Sciences de la vie. Biologie Résumé :
The present work aims to evaluate some biological activities of a strain of spergillus and to identify its bioactive molecules potentially interesting. The exploration of corn samples destined to poultry feed allowed the isolation of 155 fungal strains belonging to the genus Aspergillus. One strain was selected, in vitro, by agar diffusion method, for its strong antimicrobial activity. Morphological and molecular identification of the selected isolate showed that it is Aspergillus creber. Preliminary test of the production of bioactive substances on different submerged culture media revealed that the Czapeck Yeast Broth (CYB) medium is the most favourable medium for this production. After the production of these molecules, the extraction was carried out using ethyl acetate. Study of the antimicrobial activity of ethyl acetate extract has shown that A. creber has a high activity against Candida albicans, with an MIC value of 0.325 mg / mL, followed by the multiresistant Gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus producing β-lactamase and Staphtloccoccus epidermidis resistant to methicillin with an MIC value of 0.625 mg / mL. Gram-negative bacteria were found to be more resistant with an MIC value ranging from 2.5 to 5 mg / mL. In addition, A. creber extract showed a significant capacity to trap free radicals DPPH • and ABTS • + with IC50 values of 108.76 ± 1.02 μg / mL and 90.82 ± 0.61 μg / mL respectively. A. creber extract showed also a powerful reducing power. The determination of total polyphenols by the FolinCiocalteu method showed a significant content of polyphenolic compounds estimated at 85.76 mg EGA / g. It is important to emphasize, that this work is the first one to have shown the ability of A. creber to produce molecules with antimicrobial and antioxidant activities. The chromatographic analysis of A. creber extract by ultra high performance liquid chromatography coupled with high resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC-HRMS / MS) allowed the identification of five known molecules as asperlactone, emodin, sterigmatocystin, deoxybrevianamide E and norsolorinic acid, in addition to five other molecules which seem to be close to the known molecules but with some differences demonstrated in this work. Thus, it is probably that are novel molecules. To our knowledge, the demonstration of the production of asperlactone by A. creber, is a first, no study has mentioned the ability of the species of Aspergillus section Versicolores, in particular A. creber, to produce this compound. These results are promising and are considered to be a remarkable advance in the research of natural bioactive substances.
Note de contenu :
Annexes.
Diplôme : Doctorat en sciences En ligne : ../theses/biologie/SAK7648.pdf Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=11482 Exemplaires (1)
Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité SAK/7648 SAK/7648 Thèse Bibliothèque principale Thèses Disponible
Titre : Potential bio-control substances produced by fungi and plants of different Mediterranean Basin ecosystems. Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Roukia Zatout, Auteur ; Noreddine Kacem Chaouche, Directeur de thèse ; Antonio Evidente, Directeur de thèse Editeur : جامعة الإخوة منتوري قسنطينة Année de publication : 2021 Importance : 167 f. Format : 30 cm. Note générale : Doctorat 3éme CYCLE LMD.
1 copies imprimées disponibles
Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : Français - Anglais
BiologieTags : Biologie Appliquée : Biotechnologie Microbiennes et Bioprocédés Champignons plantes inuloxine E drophiobiolins A et B phaseocyclopenténones A et B activité fongicide et herbicide Mushrooms plants inuloxin E drophiobiolins A and B phaseocyclopentenones A and B fungicidal and herbicidal activity الفطريات نباتات نشاط مبيدات الفطريات والأعشاب Index. décimale : 570 Sciences de la vie. Biologie Résumé :
The main objective of this thesis is the study of metabolites with a potential herbicidal and fungicidal activity, produced by fungi and plants of the Mediterranean basin. These bioactive metabolites have been characterized chemically and biologically using bio-guided chromatographic methods. Indeed, the macro-fungus Agaricus litoralis, collected in the forest of Jebel el Ouahch in the Constantine region in eastern Algeria, was identified using
morphological and molecular data. As a result, a high phytotoxicity of its EtOAc extract on the leaves of Lycopersicon esculentum L., test plant, has been revealed from which a well-known phytotoxic metabolite, tyrosol, was isolated and identified by spectroscopic methods. The phytotoxic activity of this latter molecule, tyrosol, was tested on seven agrarian plants and two wild plants using the leaf puncture test. The obtained results revealed that the highest toxic effect was observed on Vitis vinifera L., Prunus armeniaca L., Prunus persica L. Batsch, Cucurbita L., and Rubus fruticosus L. at 1 mg / mL; while moderate toxic effects were observed on Solanum melongena L. leaves and less phytotoxicity on both Ficus carica L. and Citrus limon L. Osbeck leaves. Besides, a new sesquiterpenoid belonging to the seco eudesmanolides subgroup, called inuloxin E, has been isolated from Dittrichia viscosa, as well as the already known sesquiterpenoids inuloxins A-D, and α-costic acid. Inuloxin E was characterized by spectroscopic data, mainly NMR and ESIMS. Both inuloxins D and E inhibited the seed germination of the parasitic weed Orobanche Cumana, but they were inactive on the seeds of Orobanche minor and Phelipanche ramosa. Moreover, the germination activity of certain semisynthetic esters of inuloxin D has also been studied, revealing their antigerminating effects on O. minor and P. ramosa. On another aspect, two new bioactive ophiobolan sestertepenoids ; drophiobiolins A and B, characterized by NMR and HRESIMS, were obtained from Drechslera gigantea, a fungus known as a mycoherbicide in the biological control of Digitaria sanguinalis. In addition, other metabolites characteristic of this same fungus were likewise obtained; ophiobolin A as the main metabolite, 6-epi-ophioboline A, 3-anhydro-6-epi-ophioboline A, and ophioboline I. In fact, the phytotoxic activity of drophiobiolins A and B was sought by a leaf perforation test on plants; cultivated weed (Lycopersicon esculentum L.), host weed (Digitaria sanguinalis L.), and non-host one (Chenopodium album L.) , where, these two newly identified ophiobolins showed significant phytotoxicity, at the highest concentration of 10-3 M, in comparison with that of ophiobolin A. The antiproliferative activity of drophiobolins A and B was also evaluated revealing that the two molecules exhibited a remarkable cytotoxicity against Hela B cells with an IC50 value equal to 10 M. However, they had less effect against Hacat, H1299 and A431 cells, compared to ophiobolin A. In another axis, two new penta- and tetra-substituted cyclopentenones; named phaseocyclopentenones A and B, as well as guignardone A were purified from Macrophonina phaseolina. This phytopathogenic fungus was isolated from infected soybean tissues showing
symptoms of anthrax in Argentina. The two phaseocyclopentenones A and B were identified by spectroscopic methods (essentially 1D NMR “1H and 13C”, 2D NMR, and HR-ESIMS). During a phytotoxicity test on a non-host plant (Solanum lycopersicum L.) by leaf puncture, phaseocyclopentenones A and B, as well as guignardone A displayed interesting phytotoxic activity. These new compounds are also active in a cuttings trial on the same plant.
In contrast, no phytotoxicity of the three compounds was detected on the soybean host plant (Glycine max L.). Besides, no antifungal activity was developed by the same molecules against certain phytopathogenic molds, namely Cercospora nicotiane and Colletotrichum truncatum, which were similarly isolated from infected soybean plants in Argentina.
Note de contenu : Appendix.
-résumé en fr.
Diplôme : Doctorat En ligne : ../theses/biologie/ZAT7850.pdf Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=11835 Potential bio-control substances produced by fungi and plants of different Mediterranean Basin ecosystems. [texte imprimé] / Roukia Zatout, Auteur ; Noreddine Kacem Chaouche, Directeur de thèse ; Antonio Evidente, Directeur de thèse . - جامعة الإخوة منتوري قسنطينة, 2021 . - 167 f. ; 30 cm.
Doctorat 3éme CYCLE LMD.
1 copies imprimées disponibles
Langues : Anglais (eng)
Catégories : Français - Anglais
BiologieTags : Biologie Appliquée : Biotechnologie Microbiennes et Bioprocédés Champignons plantes inuloxine E drophiobiolins A et B phaseocyclopenténones A et B activité fongicide et herbicide Mushrooms plants inuloxin E drophiobiolins A and B phaseocyclopentenones A and B fungicidal and herbicidal activity الفطريات نباتات نشاط مبيدات الفطريات والأعشاب Index. décimale : 570 Sciences de la vie. Biologie Résumé :
The main objective of this thesis is the study of metabolites with a potential herbicidal and fungicidal activity, produced by fungi and plants of the Mediterranean basin. These bioactive metabolites have been characterized chemically and biologically using bio-guided chromatographic methods. Indeed, the macro-fungus Agaricus litoralis, collected in the forest of Jebel el Ouahch in the Constantine region in eastern Algeria, was identified using
morphological and molecular data. As a result, a high phytotoxicity of its EtOAc extract on the leaves of Lycopersicon esculentum L., test plant, has been revealed from which a well-known phytotoxic metabolite, tyrosol, was isolated and identified by spectroscopic methods. The phytotoxic activity of this latter molecule, tyrosol, was tested on seven agrarian plants and two wild plants using the leaf puncture test. The obtained results revealed that the highest toxic effect was observed on Vitis vinifera L., Prunus armeniaca L., Prunus persica L. Batsch, Cucurbita L., and Rubus fruticosus L. at 1 mg / mL; while moderate toxic effects were observed on Solanum melongena L. leaves and less phytotoxicity on both Ficus carica L. and Citrus limon L. Osbeck leaves. Besides, a new sesquiterpenoid belonging to the seco eudesmanolides subgroup, called inuloxin E, has been isolated from Dittrichia viscosa, as well as the already known sesquiterpenoids inuloxins A-D, and α-costic acid. Inuloxin E was characterized by spectroscopic data, mainly NMR and ESIMS. Both inuloxins D and E inhibited the seed germination of the parasitic weed Orobanche Cumana, but they were inactive on the seeds of Orobanche minor and Phelipanche ramosa. Moreover, the germination activity of certain semisynthetic esters of inuloxin D has also been studied, revealing their antigerminating effects on O. minor and P. ramosa. On another aspect, two new bioactive ophiobolan sestertepenoids ; drophiobiolins A and B, characterized by NMR and HRESIMS, were obtained from Drechslera gigantea, a fungus known as a mycoherbicide in the biological control of Digitaria sanguinalis. In addition, other metabolites characteristic of this same fungus were likewise obtained; ophiobolin A as the main metabolite, 6-epi-ophioboline A, 3-anhydro-6-epi-ophioboline A, and ophioboline I. In fact, the phytotoxic activity of drophiobiolins A and B was sought by a leaf perforation test on plants; cultivated weed (Lycopersicon esculentum L.), host weed (Digitaria sanguinalis L.), and non-host one (Chenopodium album L.) , where, these two newly identified ophiobolins showed significant phytotoxicity, at the highest concentration of 10-3 M, in comparison with that of ophiobolin A. The antiproliferative activity of drophiobolins A and B was also evaluated revealing that the two molecules exhibited a remarkable cytotoxicity against Hela B cells with an IC50 value equal to 10 M. However, they had less effect against Hacat, H1299 and A431 cells, compared to ophiobolin A. In another axis, two new penta- and tetra-substituted cyclopentenones; named phaseocyclopentenones A and B, as well as guignardone A were purified from Macrophonina phaseolina. This phytopathogenic fungus was isolated from infected soybean tissues showing
symptoms of anthrax in Argentina. The two phaseocyclopentenones A and B were identified by spectroscopic methods (essentially 1D NMR “1H and 13C”, 2D NMR, and HR-ESIMS). During a phytotoxicity test on a non-host plant (Solanum lycopersicum L.) by leaf puncture, phaseocyclopentenones A and B, as well as guignardone A displayed interesting phytotoxic activity. These new compounds are also active in a cuttings trial on the same plant.
In contrast, no phytotoxicity of the three compounds was detected on the soybean host plant (Glycine max L.). Besides, no antifungal activity was developed by the same molecules against certain phytopathogenic molds, namely Cercospora nicotiane and Colletotrichum truncatum, which were similarly isolated from infected soybean plants in Argentina.
Note de contenu : Appendix.
-résumé en fr.
Diplôme : Doctorat En ligne : ../theses/biologie/ZAT7850.pdf Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=11835 Exemplaires (1)
Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité ZAT/7850 ZAT/7850 Thèse Bibliothèque principale Thèses Disponible
Titre : Research of antimicrobial potentialities of an endemic plant of the genus -Calycotome- : phytochemical and microbiological study. Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Radia Cherfia, Auteur ; Noreddine Kacem Chaouche, Directeur de thèse Mention d'édition : 06/ 01/ 2021 Editeur : جامعة الإخوة منتوري قسنطينة Année de publication : 2021 Importance : 168 f. Format : 30 cm. Note générale : 1 copies imprimées disponibles
Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : Français - Anglais
BiologieTags : Biologie et Ecologie Végétale: Biotechnologie végétale Calycotome spinosa (L.) Link LC-ESI-MS2 RMN 5-Hydroxyindoline activité antimicrobienne activité
anti-oxydante NMR antimicrobial activity antioxidant activity النشاط المضاد للمكريوبات النشاط المضاد للأكسدةIndex. décimale : 570 Sciences de la vie. Biologie Résumé :
The main objective of this research is the phytochemical characterization, the quantification of phenolic compounds, as well as the evaluation of the antioxidant and the antimicrobial potentials of certain extracts and fractions of leaves and flowers from the endemic plant Calycotome spinosa (L.) Link. Besides, the purification, the structural identification, and the investigation of the antioxidant and the antimicrobial capacities of isolated bioactive compounds have also been elucidated. As a result, many interesting chemical groups have been detected in this plant such as polyphenols, flavonoids, alkaloids, and sugars. The extracts (MeOH and aqueous) and the fractions (CHCl3, EtOAc, and n-BuOH) of the leaves and the flowers have high total polyphenols contents (TPC) compared to their flavonoids contents. Indeed, the EtOAc fraction of leaves exhibited the highest amount of TPC (107.75 ± 2.09 mg GAE / g DE), followed by the MeOH extract of the same part (98.72 ± 2.47 mg GAE / g DE), however, the MeOH extract of flowers had the lowest amount of these compounds (24.63 ± 0.35 mg GAE / g DE). Besides, it was shown that the same extract and the same fraction of leaves revealed the strongest free radical scavenging activity (DPPH; IC50 = 45.25 ± 1.8 and 41.04 ± 0.15 µg / mL, respectively), in addition to a remarkable reducing power (FRAP; EC50 = 763.73 ± 0.32 and 780.04 ± 1.36 µg / mL, consecutively), due to their, relatively, good content in phenolic compounds compared to the other tested extracts. The previous biological activity was accompanied by antimicrobial activity. Therefore, the diverse extracts displayed excellent antimicrobial activity, where the Gram+ test bacteria were more sensitive to these extracts than the Gram- ones. Thus, S. aureus was more sensitive to the MeOH extract of leaves with an inhibition zone (IZ) of 20.00 ± 0.28 mm, in contrast, bacterial strains ; B. subtilis and S. abony showed sensitivities to the MeOH extract and the EtOAc fraction of leaves with IZs of (16.00 ± 0.50 and 13 ± 0.65 mm) and (12 ± 0.29 and 16.00 ± 1.53 mm), respectively. the leaves’ MeOH extract was, furthermore, bactericidal against B. subtilis, S. aureus and S. abony with MICs ≤ 0.125 mg/ disc and a MBC of 1.00 mg/disc, whereas, Gram- bacteria; E. coli, P. aeruginosa, and K. pneumoniae were less susceptible. Moreover, two phytopathogenic fungal species of Alternaria were sensitive to all the tested extracts (MeOH and Aqueous) with variable inhibition percentages (IP %), however, no antifungal activity was observed against the yeast ‘Candida albicans’ and the other four tested fungal isolates; Penicillium sp.1, Penicillium sp.2, Aspergillus sp., and Rhizopus sp. From all these results, it was concluded that the leaves MeOH extract was the most efficient; therefore, it was selected for LC-ESI-MS2 analysis and for the separation of bioactive molecules. This separation using column chromatography(CC) led to a very interesting result; it is in fact the highlight, for the first time, of two new molecules from the plant, subject of study; 5-hydroxyindoline (4) and D-Pinitol (5), together with three well-known glucosidic flavonoids; Chrysin-7-O-(β-D-glucopyranoside) (1), chrysin-7-O-β-D-(6″-acetyl) glucopyranoside (2), and apigenin-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (3). The chemical structures of these isolated compounds have been elucidated based on spectroscopic analysis data and mass spectrometry; comprising a new approach 1D-NMR, 2D-NMR with LIT-ESI-MSn. The new compound, 5- Hydroxyindoline (4), demonstrated a very strong antibacterial potential against S. aureus (16 ± 0.5 mm), P. aeruginosa (9.83 ± 0.29 mm), and S. abony (8 ± 0.28 mm), as well it revealed a pertinent antioxidant capacity using four different methods (DPPH : IC50 < 10 μg / mL ; TAC = 985.54 ± 0.13 mg AAE / g DE ; FRAP : EC50 = 344.82 ± 0.02 μg / mL ; ABTS: IC50 = 7.8 ± 0.43 μg / mL), followed by the compound apigenin-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (3) which, also, exhibited remarkable antioxidant power, but lower than that of the new compound (4). These interesting results confirm that the aerial part of C. spinosa (L.) Link, in particular the leaves, usually used in traditional medicine in Algeria, can be considered as a source of substances with very effective antioxidant and antimicrobial activities.
Note de contenu :
Annexes.Diplôme : Doctorat en sciences En ligne : ../theses/biologie/CHE7744.pdf Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=11577 Research of antimicrobial potentialities of an endemic plant of the genus -Calycotome- : phytochemical and microbiological study. [texte imprimé] / Radia Cherfia, Auteur ; Noreddine Kacem Chaouche, Directeur de thèse . - 06/ 01/ 2021 . - جامعة الإخوة منتوري قسنطينة, 2021 . - 168 f. ; 30 cm.
1 copies imprimées disponibles
Langues : Anglais (eng)
Catégories : Français - Anglais
BiologieTags : Biologie et Ecologie Végétale: Biotechnologie végétale Calycotome spinosa (L.) Link LC-ESI-MS2 RMN 5-Hydroxyindoline activité antimicrobienne activité
anti-oxydante NMR antimicrobial activity antioxidant activity النشاط المضاد للمكريوبات النشاط المضاد للأكسدةIndex. décimale : 570 Sciences de la vie. Biologie Résumé :
The main objective of this research is the phytochemical characterization, the quantification of phenolic compounds, as well as the evaluation of the antioxidant and the antimicrobial potentials of certain extracts and fractions of leaves and flowers from the endemic plant Calycotome spinosa (L.) Link. Besides, the purification, the structural identification, and the investigation of the antioxidant and the antimicrobial capacities of isolated bioactive compounds have also been elucidated. As a result, many interesting chemical groups have been detected in this plant such as polyphenols, flavonoids, alkaloids, and sugars. The extracts (MeOH and aqueous) and the fractions (CHCl3, EtOAc, and n-BuOH) of the leaves and the flowers have high total polyphenols contents (TPC) compared to their flavonoids contents. Indeed, the EtOAc fraction of leaves exhibited the highest amount of TPC (107.75 ± 2.09 mg GAE / g DE), followed by the MeOH extract of the same part (98.72 ± 2.47 mg GAE / g DE), however, the MeOH extract of flowers had the lowest amount of these compounds (24.63 ± 0.35 mg GAE / g DE). Besides, it was shown that the same extract and the same fraction of leaves revealed the strongest free radical scavenging activity (DPPH; IC50 = 45.25 ± 1.8 and 41.04 ± 0.15 µg / mL, respectively), in addition to a remarkable reducing power (FRAP; EC50 = 763.73 ± 0.32 and 780.04 ± 1.36 µg / mL, consecutively), due to their, relatively, good content in phenolic compounds compared to the other tested extracts. The previous biological activity was accompanied by antimicrobial activity. Therefore, the diverse extracts displayed excellent antimicrobial activity, where the Gram+ test bacteria were more sensitive to these extracts than the Gram- ones. Thus, S. aureus was more sensitive to the MeOH extract of leaves with an inhibition zone (IZ) of 20.00 ± 0.28 mm, in contrast, bacterial strains ; B. subtilis and S. abony showed sensitivities to the MeOH extract and the EtOAc fraction of leaves with IZs of (16.00 ± 0.50 and 13 ± 0.65 mm) and (12 ± 0.29 and 16.00 ± 1.53 mm), respectively. the leaves’ MeOH extract was, furthermore, bactericidal against B. subtilis, S. aureus and S. abony with MICs ≤ 0.125 mg/ disc and a MBC of 1.00 mg/disc, whereas, Gram- bacteria; E. coli, P. aeruginosa, and K. pneumoniae were less susceptible. Moreover, two phytopathogenic fungal species of Alternaria were sensitive to all the tested extracts (MeOH and Aqueous) with variable inhibition percentages (IP %), however, no antifungal activity was observed against the yeast ‘Candida albicans’ and the other four tested fungal isolates; Penicillium sp.1, Penicillium sp.2, Aspergillus sp., and Rhizopus sp. From all these results, it was concluded that the leaves MeOH extract was the most efficient; therefore, it was selected for LC-ESI-MS2 analysis and for the separation of bioactive molecules. This separation using column chromatography(CC) led to a very interesting result; it is in fact the highlight, for the first time, of two new molecules from the plant, subject of study; 5-hydroxyindoline (4) and D-Pinitol (5), together with three well-known glucosidic flavonoids; Chrysin-7-O-(β-D-glucopyranoside) (1), chrysin-7-O-β-D-(6″-acetyl) glucopyranoside (2), and apigenin-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (3). The chemical structures of these isolated compounds have been elucidated based on spectroscopic analysis data and mass spectrometry; comprising a new approach 1D-NMR, 2D-NMR with LIT-ESI-MSn. The new compound, 5- Hydroxyindoline (4), demonstrated a very strong antibacterial potential against S. aureus (16 ± 0.5 mm), P. aeruginosa (9.83 ± 0.29 mm), and S. abony (8 ± 0.28 mm), as well it revealed a pertinent antioxidant capacity using four different methods (DPPH : IC50 < 10 μg / mL ; TAC = 985.54 ± 0.13 mg AAE / g DE ; FRAP : EC50 = 344.82 ± 0.02 μg / mL ; ABTS: IC50 = 7.8 ± 0.43 μg / mL), followed by the compound apigenin-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (3) which, also, exhibited remarkable antioxidant power, but lower than that of the new compound (4). These interesting results confirm that the aerial part of C. spinosa (L.) Link, in particular the leaves, usually used in traditional medicine in Algeria, can be considered as a source of substances with very effective antioxidant and antimicrobial activities.
Note de contenu :
Annexes.Diplôme : Doctorat en sciences En ligne : ../theses/biologie/CHE7744.pdf Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=11577 Exemplaires (1)
Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité CHE/7744 CHE/7744 Thèse Bibliothèque principale Thèses Disponible
