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Partager le résultat de cette recherche Interroger des sources externesCaractérisation phénotypique et moléculaire des salmonelles isolées à partir des aliments et d’origine humaine responsables de gastro-entérites / Mourad Boukoucha
Titre : Caractérisation phénotypique et moléculaire des salmonelles isolées à partir des aliments et d’origine humaine responsables de gastro-entérites Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Mourad Boukoucha, Auteur ; Nadjia Ramdani, Directeur de thèse Editeur : constantine [Algérie] : Université Constantine 1 Année de publication : 2014 Importance : 181 f. Format : 30 cm. Note générale : 2 copies imprimées disponibles
Langues : Français (fre) Catégories : Français - Anglais
Nutrition, Alimentation et Technologies Agro-AlimentairesTags : Salmonelles aliments caractérisation phénotypique CMI caractérisation moléculaire Ripbotypage MLST MLVA Salmonella food phenotypic characterization molecular characterization Ripboting السالمونیلا الأغذیة توصیف مظھري توصیف جزیئي Index. décimale : 640 Industrie Alimentaire Résumé : Salmonella bacteria are of the main causes of food contamination and therefore a major etiology of human gastroenteritis. The phenotypic and molecular evolution of these bacteria has not stopped, allowing to the latter to adapt to each step of pathogenesis, including:
environmental conditions, host response and control methods. Emergence of antibiotic-multi resistant salmonella strains, which is often the cause of treatment failure that significantly exacerbated the situation.With regard to this development, an arsenal of biological techniques have been developed to study the phenotypic and molecular diversity of this bacterium in order of support and monitor to better adapt the means of prevention and control.
The undertaken work as part, first the objective of assessing the phenotypic variability of 37Salmonella isolated from food (serotype diversity, biochemical characterization and sensitivity to antibiotics) and visualize the molecular (genetic) variability using various techniques: ADN16S sequencing, MLST (Multi-Locus SequenceTyping), MLVA(Multiple- Locus VNTR Analysis) by identifying and exploring the genetic materials whose expression is essential for metabolism and necessary for the adaptation of Salmonella to their
environment.
A second approach was also conducted. It consisted of a comparative study of 39 humanorigin Salmonella responsible for gastroenteritis during the same period. Results obtained with food borne isolates revealed a serotype diversity with predominance of Salmonella Enteritidis accompanied by biochemical variability in antibiotic susceptibility resistance to nalidixic acid, ofloxacin and non-wild phenotypes to the ciprofloxacin, trimethoprim/sulfamithoxazol and betalactamines observed with some serovars that reflect the
development of resistance mechanisms poorly expressed or silent. Compared with serovars of human origin, a variety of serotype and predominance of the sames pecies was observed.
A complexity and heterogeneity of the biochemical characteristics and profiles of antibiotic sensitivities more advanced than those of food-isolates. MLST technic seem to be little discriminating between the seven selected markers between strains of the same serotype. For its part, MLVA technique has confirmed high discriminating power between the Salmonella until intra-serotype level. Different clones were visualized (06) genotypes were obtained from (06) serotypes. The intra-serotype variability reflects the impact of environmental factors and the diversity of reservoirs (animal or human) and sources of contamination.
Diplôme : Doctorat en sciences En ligne : ../theses/agronomie/BOU6670.pdf Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=9804 Caractérisation phénotypique et moléculaire des salmonelles isolées à partir des aliments et d’origine humaine responsables de gastro-entérites [texte imprimé] / Mourad Boukoucha, Auteur ; Nadjia Ramdani, Directeur de thèse . - constantine [Algérie] : Université Constantine 1, 2014 . - 181 f. ; 30 cm.
2 copies imprimées disponibles
Langues : Français (fre)
Catégories : Français - Anglais
Nutrition, Alimentation et Technologies Agro-AlimentairesTags : Salmonelles aliments caractérisation phénotypique CMI caractérisation moléculaire Ripbotypage MLST MLVA Salmonella food phenotypic characterization molecular characterization Ripboting السالمونیلا الأغذیة توصیف مظھري توصیف جزیئي Index. décimale : 640 Industrie Alimentaire Résumé : Salmonella bacteria are of the main causes of food contamination and therefore a major etiology of human gastroenteritis. The phenotypic and molecular evolution of these bacteria has not stopped, allowing to the latter to adapt to each step of pathogenesis, including:
environmental conditions, host response and control methods. Emergence of antibiotic-multi resistant salmonella strains, which is often the cause of treatment failure that significantly exacerbated the situation.With regard to this development, an arsenal of biological techniques have been developed to study the phenotypic and molecular diversity of this bacterium in order of support and monitor to better adapt the means of prevention and control.
The undertaken work as part, first the objective of assessing the phenotypic variability of 37Salmonella isolated from food (serotype diversity, biochemical characterization and sensitivity to antibiotics) and visualize the molecular (genetic) variability using various techniques: ADN16S sequencing, MLST (Multi-Locus SequenceTyping), MLVA(Multiple- Locus VNTR Analysis) by identifying and exploring the genetic materials whose expression is essential for metabolism and necessary for the adaptation of Salmonella to their
environment.
A second approach was also conducted. It consisted of a comparative study of 39 humanorigin Salmonella responsible for gastroenteritis during the same period. Results obtained with food borne isolates revealed a serotype diversity with predominance of Salmonella Enteritidis accompanied by biochemical variability in antibiotic susceptibility resistance to nalidixic acid, ofloxacin and non-wild phenotypes to the ciprofloxacin, trimethoprim/sulfamithoxazol and betalactamines observed with some serovars that reflect the
development of resistance mechanisms poorly expressed or silent. Compared with serovars of human origin, a variety of serotype and predominance of the sames pecies was observed.
A complexity and heterogeneity of the biochemical characteristics and profiles of antibiotic sensitivities more advanced than those of food-isolates. MLST technic seem to be little discriminating between the seven selected markers between strains of the same serotype. For its part, MLVA technique has confirmed high discriminating power between the Salmonella until intra-serotype level. Different clones were visualized (06) genotypes were obtained from (06) serotypes. The intra-serotype variability reflects the impact of environmental factors and the diversity of reservoirs (animal or human) and sources of contamination.
Diplôme : Doctorat en sciences En ligne : ../theses/agronomie/BOU6670.pdf Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=9804 Exemplaires (1)
Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité BOU/6670 BOU/6670 Thèse Bibliothèque principale Thèses Disponible
Titre : Contamination du poulet de chair par les salmonelles non typhiques en élevages et abbatoirs de la wilaya de Constantine : caractérisations phénotypiques et génotypiques par ERIC-PCR,IS-PCR et PFGE Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Rachid ELgroud, Auteur ; F. Smati, Directeur de thèse ; Y. Millemann, Directeur de thèse Editeur : جامعة الإخوة منتوري قسنطينة Année de publication : 2009 Importance : 116 f. Format : 30 cm. Note générale : 01 Disponible à la salle de recherche 02 Disponibles au magazin de la B.U.C
01 CD 02 Disponibles au magazinLangues : Français (fre) Catégories : Français - Anglais
Sciences VétérinairesTags : Facteurs de risque Sérotypie Salmonelles Viande du poulet Résistance au antibiotiques eric-PCR is-PCR PFGE
Salmonella Broiler Chicken Prevalence Serotype Antibiotic-resistance Risk
factors دجاج اللحوم النوع السيرولوجي مقاومة المضادات الحيوية عوامل الخطرIndex. décimale : 636 Sciences Vétérinaires Résumé : The present study provides the first data about the prevalence of Salmonella contamination of broilers and slaughterhouses in the region of Constantine, Algeria. The serotypes and antibiotic resistance patterns of the isolates were determined, and risk factors contributing to the contamination were evaluated.
A total number of 2490 samples, 1800 originating from 30 broiler farms and 690 from 15 slaughterhouses, were taken during 2 periods: October 2005-June 2006 and September 2006- March 2007. Salmonella contamination concerned 37 % of the broiler farms and 73 % of the slaughterhouses.
Among the 55 isolates recovered, ten different serotypes were identified. The most frequently recovered serotypes in both slaughterhouses and breeder farms were S. Hadar (36.4%, n=20), S.
Virchow (16.4%, n=9), S. Infantis (10.9%, n=6), and S. Albany (10.9%, n=6). S. Carnac (7.3%,n=4). Isolates belonging to S. Heidelberg (1.8%, n=1), and S. Rissen (1.8%, n=1) were found only in farms, while those belonging to S. Typhimurium (9.1%, n=5), S. Enteritidis (3.6%, n=2), and S. Montevideo (1.8%, n=1) were recovered only from slaughterhouses. Thirty nine isolates (79.9 %) were resistant to at least one antibiotic and 50.9 % were multi-resistant, i.e. resistant to two or more antibiotic molecules. Among the 55 isolates, 56.4% (n=31) were resistant to streptomycin, 34.5% (n=19) to tetracyclines, 27.2 % (n=15) to nalidixic acid, 12.7% (n=7) to ofloxacin and 1.8% (n=1) to enrofloxacin. Finally, 7 distinct antibiotic resistance profiles were identified.
In parallel, four risk factors were found that were significantly associated with Salmonella contamination. These risk factors highlight the hazards of the broiler channel, particularly linked to poor technical and hygiene practices.
On the another side, the genotypic characterization of the stocks gave us 16 profiles per EricPCR, 20 profiles by is-PCR and 34 profiles by PFGE. The 3 methods, and particularly the PFGE, showed the clonality of some sérotypes, confirming the diffusion and the persistence of the same clone through the field, and in our area, but also the polymorphism of others sérotypes indicating the diversity of the potential tanks in nontyphoidal salmonella.
The comparison of our PFGE profiles to those of the bank of data of the AFSSA, Maisons Alfort, France, informs us about the diffusion, sometimes international, of some sérotypes, facilitated by the increasing levels of trade, at the eve of the accession of Algeria to the World Trade Organization.Diplôme : Doctorat en sciences En ligne : ../theses/veterinaire/ELG5288.pdf Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=1868 Contamination du poulet de chair par les salmonelles non typhiques en élevages et abbatoirs de la wilaya de Constantine : caractérisations phénotypiques et génotypiques par ERIC-PCR,IS-PCR et PFGE [texte imprimé] / Rachid ELgroud, Auteur ; F. Smati, Directeur de thèse ; Y. Millemann, Directeur de thèse . - جامعة الإخوة منتوري قسنطينة, 2009 . - 116 f. ; 30 cm.
01 Disponible à la salle de recherche 02 Disponibles au magazin de la B.U.C
01 CD 02 Disponibles au magazin
Langues : Français (fre)
Catégories : Français - Anglais
Sciences VétérinairesTags : Facteurs de risque Sérotypie Salmonelles Viande du poulet Résistance au antibiotiques eric-PCR is-PCR PFGE
Salmonella Broiler Chicken Prevalence Serotype Antibiotic-resistance Risk
factors دجاج اللحوم النوع السيرولوجي مقاومة المضادات الحيوية عوامل الخطرIndex. décimale : 636 Sciences Vétérinaires Résumé : The present study provides the first data about the prevalence of Salmonella contamination of broilers and slaughterhouses in the region of Constantine, Algeria. The serotypes and antibiotic resistance patterns of the isolates were determined, and risk factors contributing to the contamination were evaluated.
A total number of 2490 samples, 1800 originating from 30 broiler farms and 690 from 15 slaughterhouses, were taken during 2 periods: October 2005-June 2006 and September 2006- March 2007. Salmonella contamination concerned 37 % of the broiler farms and 73 % of the slaughterhouses.
Among the 55 isolates recovered, ten different serotypes were identified. The most frequently recovered serotypes in both slaughterhouses and breeder farms were S. Hadar (36.4%, n=20), S.
Virchow (16.4%, n=9), S. Infantis (10.9%, n=6), and S. Albany (10.9%, n=6). S. Carnac (7.3%,n=4). Isolates belonging to S. Heidelberg (1.8%, n=1), and S. Rissen (1.8%, n=1) were found only in farms, while those belonging to S. Typhimurium (9.1%, n=5), S. Enteritidis (3.6%, n=2), and S. Montevideo (1.8%, n=1) were recovered only from slaughterhouses. Thirty nine isolates (79.9 %) were resistant to at least one antibiotic and 50.9 % were multi-resistant, i.e. resistant to two or more antibiotic molecules. Among the 55 isolates, 56.4% (n=31) were resistant to streptomycin, 34.5% (n=19) to tetracyclines, 27.2 % (n=15) to nalidixic acid, 12.7% (n=7) to ofloxacin and 1.8% (n=1) to enrofloxacin. Finally, 7 distinct antibiotic resistance profiles were identified.
In parallel, four risk factors were found that were significantly associated with Salmonella contamination. These risk factors highlight the hazards of the broiler channel, particularly linked to poor technical and hygiene practices.
On the another side, the genotypic characterization of the stocks gave us 16 profiles per EricPCR, 20 profiles by is-PCR and 34 profiles by PFGE. The 3 methods, and particularly the PFGE, showed the clonality of some sérotypes, confirming the diffusion and the persistence of the same clone through the field, and in our area, but also the polymorphism of others sérotypes indicating the diversity of the potential tanks in nontyphoidal salmonella.
The comparison of our PFGE profiles to those of the bank of data of the AFSSA, Maisons Alfort, France, informs us about the diffusion, sometimes international, of some sérotypes, facilitated by the increasing levels of trade, at the eve of the accession of Algeria to the World Trade Organization.Diplôme : Doctorat en sciences En ligne : ../theses/veterinaire/ELG5288.pdf Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=1868 Exemplaires (1)
Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité ELG/5288 ELG/5288 Thèse Bibliothèque principale Thèses Disponible
