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Partager le résultat de cette recherche Interroger des sources externesCaractérisation phénotypique et moléculaire des salmonelles isolées à partir des aliments et d’origine humaine responsables de gastro-entérites / Mourad Boukoucha
Titre : Caractérisation phénotypique et moléculaire des salmonelles isolées à partir des aliments et d’origine humaine responsables de gastro-entérites Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Mourad Boukoucha, Auteur ; Nadjia Ramdani, Directeur de thèse Editeur : constantine [Algérie] : Université Constantine 1 Année de publication : 2014 Importance : 181 f. Format : 30 cm. Note générale : 2 copies imprimées disponibles
Langues : Français (fre) Catégories : Français - Anglais
Nutrition, Alimentation et Technologies Agro-AlimentairesTags : Salmonelles aliments caractérisation phénotypique CMI caractérisation moléculaire Ripbotypage MLST MLVA Salmonella food phenotypic characterization molecular characterization Ripboting ??????????? ??????? ????? ????? Index. décimale : 640 Industrie Alimentaire Résumé : Salmonella bacteria are of the main causes of food contamination and therefore a major etiology of human gastroenteritis. The phenotypic and molecular evolution of these bacteria has not stopped, allowing to the latter to adapt to each step of pathogenesis, including:
environmental conditions, host response and control methods. Emergence of antibiotic-multi resistant salmonella strains, which is often the cause of treatment failure that significantly exacerbated the situation.With regard to this development, an arsenal of biological techniques have been developed to study the phenotypic and molecular diversity of this bacterium in order of support and monitor to better adapt the means of prevention and control.
The undertaken work as part, first the objective of assessing the phenotypic variability of 37Salmonella isolated from food (serotype diversity, biochemical characterization and sensitivity to antibiotics) and visualize the molecular (genetic) variability using various techniques: ADN16S sequencing, MLST (Multi-Locus SequenceTyping), MLVA(Multiple- Locus VNTR Analysis) by identifying and exploring the genetic materials whose expression is essential for metabolism and necessary for the adaptation of Salmonella to their
environment.
A second approach was also conducted. It consisted of a comparative study of 39 humanorigin Salmonella responsible for gastroenteritis during the same period. Results obtained with food borne isolates revealed a serotype diversity with predominance of Salmonella Enteritidis accompanied by biochemical variability in antibiotic susceptibility resistance to nalidixic acid, ofloxacin and non-wild phenotypes to the ciprofloxacin, trimethoprim/sulfamithoxazol and betalactamines observed with some serovars that reflect the
development of resistance mechanisms poorly expressed or silent. Compared with serovars of human origin, a variety of serotype and predominance of the sames pecies was observed.
A complexity and heterogeneity of the biochemical characteristics and profiles of antibiotic sensitivities more advanced than those of food-isolates. MLST technic seem to be little discriminating between the seven selected markers between strains of the same serotype. For its part, MLVA technique has confirmed high discriminating power between the Salmonella until intra-serotype level. Different clones were visualized (06) genotypes were obtained from (06) serotypes. The intra-serotype variability reflects the impact of environmental factors and the diversity of reservoirs (animal or human) and sources of contamination.
Diplôme : Doctorat en sciences En ligne : ../theses/agronomie/BOU6670.pdf Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : https://bu.umc.edu.dz/md/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=9804 Caractérisation phénotypique et moléculaire des salmonelles isolées à partir des aliments et d’origine humaine responsables de gastro-entérites [texte imprimé] / Mourad Boukoucha, Auteur ; Nadjia Ramdani, Directeur de thèse . - constantine (Route ain el bey, Algérie) : Université Constantine 1, 2014 . - 181 f. ; 30 cm.
2 copies imprimées disponibles
Langues : Français (fre)
Catégories : Français - Anglais
Nutrition, Alimentation et Technologies Agro-AlimentairesTags : Salmonelles aliments caractérisation phénotypique CMI caractérisation moléculaire Ripbotypage MLST MLVA Salmonella food phenotypic characterization molecular characterization Ripboting ??????????? ??????? ????? ????? Index. décimale : 640 Industrie Alimentaire Résumé : Salmonella bacteria are of the main causes of food contamination and therefore a major etiology of human gastroenteritis. The phenotypic and molecular evolution of these bacteria has not stopped, allowing to the latter to adapt to each step of pathogenesis, including:
environmental conditions, host response and control methods. Emergence of antibiotic-multi resistant salmonella strains, which is often the cause of treatment failure that significantly exacerbated the situation.With regard to this development, an arsenal of biological techniques have been developed to study the phenotypic and molecular diversity of this bacterium in order of support and monitor to better adapt the means of prevention and control.
The undertaken work as part, first the objective of assessing the phenotypic variability of 37Salmonella isolated from food (serotype diversity, biochemical characterization and sensitivity to antibiotics) and visualize the molecular (genetic) variability using various techniques: ADN16S sequencing, MLST (Multi-Locus SequenceTyping), MLVA(Multiple- Locus VNTR Analysis) by identifying and exploring the genetic materials whose expression is essential for metabolism and necessary for the adaptation of Salmonella to their
environment.
A second approach was also conducted. It consisted of a comparative study of 39 humanorigin Salmonella responsible for gastroenteritis during the same period. Results obtained with food borne isolates revealed a serotype diversity with predominance of Salmonella Enteritidis accompanied by biochemical variability in antibiotic susceptibility resistance to nalidixic acid, ofloxacin and non-wild phenotypes to the ciprofloxacin, trimethoprim/sulfamithoxazol and betalactamines observed with some serovars that reflect the
development of resistance mechanisms poorly expressed or silent. Compared with serovars of human origin, a variety of serotype and predominance of the sames pecies was observed.
A complexity and heterogeneity of the biochemical characteristics and profiles of antibiotic sensitivities more advanced than those of food-isolates. MLST technic seem to be little discriminating between the seven selected markers between strains of the same serotype. For its part, MLVA technique has confirmed high discriminating power between the Salmonella until intra-serotype level. Different clones were visualized (06) genotypes were obtained from (06) serotypes. The intra-serotype variability reflects the impact of environmental factors and the diversity of reservoirs (animal or human) and sources of contamination.
Diplôme : Doctorat en sciences En ligne : ../theses/agronomie/BOU6670.pdf Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : https://bu.umc.edu.dz/md/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=9804 Exemplaires (1)
Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité BOU/6670 BOU/6670 Thèse Bibliothèque principale Thèses Disponible
Titre : Phénomène inflammatoire chez le poulet de chair et la poule pondeuse : Essai thérapeutique Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Bouchra Souheila Benlaksira, Auteur ; Youcef Hamdi Pacha, Directeur de thèse Editeur : جامعة الإخوة منتوري قسنطينة Année de publication : 2018 Importance : 197 f. Format : 30 cm. Note générale : 2 copies imprimées disponibles
Langues : Français (fre) Catégories : Français - Anglais
Sciences VétérinairesTags : Opuntia ficus indica Lapins, Brûlures Cicatrisation Poulet de chair Alimentation Paramètres zootechniques Profil biochimique et histologique Rabbits Burns Wound healing Chicken Food Zootechnical parameters Biochemical and histological profiles ???????? ????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ???? ?????? ???? ????? ???? ???????? ????????? ????????????? ????????? Index. décimale : 636 Sciences Vétérinaires Résumé : Prickly pear or Barbary fig (Opuntia ficus indica L Mill) is a plant growing in arid and semiarid regions, besides its oil which is among the richest oils in the world, this plant is characterized by its many therapeutic virtues.
In our first study, the burn healing effect of the aqueous extract of the cladodes (pads) of Opuncia ficus indica as well as the effect of the mixture of this extract with the fruit seeds powder, was evaluated on experimental burns in a rabbit model. The results obtained confirm the positive effect of the plant in the healing process, by significantly reducing the wound area through accelerating wound contraction, which lead to a shorter healing time compared to the control and the cicatryl® groups. Histological study showed that wounds treated with presented a thinning of the epidermis and a neovascularization of the granulation tissue with a good distribution of sudoriparous and sebaceous structures and a formation of a surface keratin layer favourable for good tissue
regeneration. Several wounds treated with the cladodes’ aqueous extract presented a normal restitution
of the initial aspect of the skin (ad integrum).
Our second study conducted on broiler chicken aimed to test the effect of the incorporation of the seeds of the fruit of Opuntia ficus indica in the birds’ feed as well as the addition of the aqueous extract of the cladodes in their drinking water. Products were aded using different concentrations 1%, 2% and 5%. The results obtained in terms of weight, feed conversion ratio and carcass yield are better in the experimental group (5%). Blood biochemical parameters were not modified by this incorporation, and remained in the physiological norms.
An increase in liver and kidneys weights of the birds supplemented with 5% fruit seed was observed but has no impact on the functioning of these two organs. In fact, the majority of the histological sections showed a conserved overall morphology of the liver and the kidneys, which testifies the safety of our plant.
Thus, at the end of this study, we can say that Opuntia ficus indica (Fruit seeds and cladodes aqueous extract), respectively incorporated in the feed and drinking water at 5%, improves both live and carcass performances of broilers, compared to 1% and 2% complementation. However, other studies should be undertaken in order to provide a better exploitation of this plant.
Diplôme : Doctorat en sciences En ligne : ../theses/veterinaire/BEN7273.pdf Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : https://bu.umc.edu.dz/md/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=10888 Phénomène inflammatoire chez le poulet de chair et la poule pondeuse : Essai thérapeutique [texte imprimé] / Bouchra Souheila Benlaksira, Auteur ; Youcef Hamdi Pacha, Directeur de thèse . - [S.l.] : جامعة الإخوة منتوري قسنطينة, 2018 . - 197 f. ; 30 cm.
2 copies imprimées disponibles
Langues : Français (fre)
Catégories : Français - Anglais
Sciences VétérinairesTags : Opuntia ficus indica Lapins, Brûlures Cicatrisation Poulet de chair Alimentation Paramètres zootechniques Profil biochimique et histologique Rabbits Burns Wound healing Chicken Food Zootechnical parameters Biochemical and histological profiles ???????? ????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ???? ?????? ???? ????? ???? ???????? ????????? ????????????? ????????? Index. décimale : 636 Sciences Vétérinaires Résumé : Prickly pear or Barbary fig (Opuntia ficus indica L Mill) is a plant growing in arid and semiarid regions, besides its oil which is among the richest oils in the world, this plant is characterized by its many therapeutic virtues.
In our first study, the burn healing effect of the aqueous extract of the cladodes (pads) of Opuncia ficus indica as well as the effect of the mixture of this extract with the fruit seeds powder, was evaluated on experimental burns in a rabbit model. The results obtained confirm the positive effect of the plant in the healing process, by significantly reducing the wound area through accelerating wound contraction, which lead to a shorter healing time compared to the control and the cicatryl® groups. Histological study showed that wounds treated with presented a thinning of the epidermis and a neovascularization of the granulation tissue with a good distribution of sudoriparous and sebaceous structures and a formation of a surface keratin layer favourable for good tissue
regeneration. Several wounds treated with the cladodes’ aqueous extract presented a normal restitution
of the initial aspect of the skin (ad integrum).
Our second study conducted on broiler chicken aimed to test the effect of the incorporation of the seeds of the fruit of Opuntia ficus indica in the birds’ feed as well as the addition of the aqueous extract of the cladodes in their drinking water. Products were aded using different concentrations 1%, 2% and 5%. The results obtained in terms of weight, feed conversion ratio and carcass yield are better in the experimental group (5%). Blood biochemical parameters were not modified by this incorporation, and remained in the physiological norms.
An increase in liver and kidneys weights of the birds supplemented with 5% fruit seed was observed but has no impact on the functioning of these two organs. In fact, the majority of the histological sections showed a conserved overall morphology of the liver and the kidneys, which testifies the safety of our plant.
Thus, at the end of this study, we can say that Opuntia ficus indica (Fruit seeds and cladodes aqueous extract), respectively incorporated in the feed and drinking water at 5%, improves both live and carcass performances of broilers, compared to 1% and 2% complementation. However, other studies should be undertaken in order to provide a better exploitation of this plant.
Diplôme : Doctorat en sciences En ligne : ../theses/veterinaire/BEN7273.pdf Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : https://bu.umc.edu.dz/md/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=10888 Exemplaires (1)
Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité BEN/7273 BEN/7273 Thèse Bibliothèque principale Thèses Disponible
