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Titre : Diversité biologique dans les Triticum et Hordeum : possibilités de création d’une nouvelle variabilité génétique. Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Chafia Zerafa, Auteur ; M Benlaribi, Directeur de thèse Editeur : جامعة الإخوة منتوري قسنطينة Année de publication : 2017 Importance : 182 f. Format : 30 cm. Note générale : 2 copies imprimées disponibles
Langues : Français (fre) Catégories : Français - Anglais
BiologieTags : Biological diversity Triticum Hordeum UPOV Genetic resource variability Index. décimale : 570 Sciences de la vie. Biologie Résumé : The aim of this study is to characterize and first express the biological diversity of a
number of the genotypes of the Triticum and Hordeum genus in order to know the basic traits
that can be exploited in the improvement of these cereals.
In this context 10 cultivars of hard wheat Triticum durum Desf., 6 of wheat Triticum
aestivum L. and 6 others of barley Hordeum vulgare L. have been experimented for several
successive years.
The cultivation is carried out in pots on agricultural soil and the tests are carried out in the
glasshouse of the biopole at Mentouri University under semi-controlled conditions.
Thus, a number of characteristics related to the vegetative apparatus, the reproductive
system and the grain are monitored throughout the life cycle of the plant that is to say from
seeding to Maturation of the caryopses.
In addition to the phenological aspects adopted by UPOV in the framework of the DSH and
expressed by the Soltner (1982 and 2005) model, the characterization concerned, in order to
determine relative precisely the duration of expression of each development phase, some
adaptation traits
A cross-breeding trial between varieties of each species is then taken in the second step
with the aim of creating variability.
The findings suggest a great intra and inter-specific biological diversity represented
particularly by certain basic characteristics such as precocity glaucescence and others relative
to the production.
They also reveal a wide variability in the heritage of available cereal genetic resources that
can be easily exploited in the creation of a new variety in wheat and barley.
This is demonstrated through our trial or hybrids are obtained by the approach pollinating
method.Diplôme : Doctorat en sciences En ligne : ../theses/biologie/ZER7108.pdf Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : https://bu.umc.edu.dz/md/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=10493 Diversité biologique dans les Triticum et Hordeum : possibilités de création d’une nouvelle variabilité génétique. [texte imprimé] / Chafia Zerafa, Auteur ; M Benlaribi, Directeur de thèse . - [S.l.] : جامعة الإخوة منتوري قسنطينة, 2017 . - 182 f. ; 30 cm.
2 copies imprimées disponibles
Langues : Français (fre)
Catégories : Français - Anglais
BiologieTags : Biological diversity Triticum Hordeum UPOV Genetic resource variability Index. décimale : 570 Sciences de la vie. Biologie Résumé : The aim of this study is to characterize and first express the biological diversity of a
number of the genotypes of the Triticum and Hordeum genus in order to know the basic traits
that can be exploited in the improvement of these cereals.
In this context 10 cultivars of hard wheat Triticum durum Desf., 6 of wheat Triticum
aestivum L. and 6 others of barley Hordeum vulgare L. have been experimented for several
successive years.
The cultivation is carried out in pots on agricultural soil and the tests are carried out in the
glasshouse of the biopole at Mentouri University under semi-controlled conditions.
Thus, a number of characteristics related to the vegetative apparatus, the reproductive
system and the grain are monitored throughout the life cycle of the plant that is to say from
seeding to Maturation of the caryopses.
In addition to the phenological aspects adopted by UPOV in the framework of the DSH and
expressed by the Soltner (1982 and 2005) model, the characterization concerned, in order to
determine relative precisely the duration of expression of each development phase, some
adaptation traits
A cross-breeding trial between varieties of each species is then taken in the second step
with the aim of creating variability.
The findings suggest a great intra and inter-specific biological diversity represented
particularly by certain basic characteristics such as precocity glaucescence and others relative
to the production.
They also reveal a wide variability in the heritage of available cereal genetic resources that
can be easily exploited in the creation of a new variety in wheat and barley.
This is demonstrated through our trial or hybrids are obtained by the approach pollinating
method.Diplôme : Doctorat en sciences En ligne : ../theses/biologie/ZER7108.pdf Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : https://bu.umc.edu.dz/md/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=10493 Exemplaires (1)
Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité ZER/7108 ZER/7108 Thèse Bibliothèque principale Thèses Disponible
Titre : Cartographie de la variabilité thermique des écosystèmes forestiers de l’Est algérien Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Ahmed Laala, Auteur ; Djamel Alatou, Directeur de thèse Editeur : جامعة الإخوة منتوري قسنطينة Année de publication : 2016 Importance : 212 f. Format : 30 cm. Note générale : 2 copies imprimées disponibles
Langues : Français (fre) Catégories : Français - Anglais
BiologieTags : Variabilité Température Forêt NDVI SIG MODIS Est algérien Cartographie Variability Temperature Forest GIS , Eastern Algeria Cartography ???????? ??????? ?????? ???? ?????? ??????? ?????? ???? ????????? ???????? ????? ??????? MODIS ??? ??????? Index. décimale : 570 Sciences de la vie. Biologie Résumé : Algerian forest patrimony is estimated at 4 million hectares, including forests, Scrub and brush. This forest is exposed to natural and anthropogenic hazards that cause severe degradation resulting mainly in continued regressive evolution and a ubstantial loss of wealth. Among the natural threats is the climate conditions and particularly the temperature of the environment in which forest ecosystems evolve. In addition to its action on life processes, on growth and on phenology of species, temperature can change also the biogeographic areas of ecosystems.
In this study we analyzed the temperature to characterize the thermal environment of
eastern Algeria and the effects of its variation on the dynamics and photosynthetic activity of forest ecosystems in this vast area. The used data is the temperatures for a period of 30 consecutive years (1982-2011) and spectral index (NDVI) which can detect the photosynthetic signal above the canopy.
Statistical analysis of long temperature series reveals that the warming observed
worldwide is already noticed in eastern Algeria. The majority of the wilayas exposed to this hazard, where the trend is more pronounced for the annual maximum temperature, may reach 3 °C/30years, an increase of 0.1C°/year. Thus, the estimate of thermal field for each pixel in eastern Algeria was realized by using Geostatistical methods based on multiple regression between temperature and the explanatory variables describing the relief. From these spatial data, the thermal limits have been defined for each forest species. Finally, the technical of GIS and satellite images allowed us to monitor the dynamics of forest vegetation, and to build maps that define the relationship between forest biomass and thermal parameters. These maps helped us to
identify 901087 hectares where trees were very sensitive to changes in the average temperature, with a percentage of 53.9% of the total area of the studied forest ecosystems. Thus, the minimum temperature affects photosynthesis of forest species in an area of 852406 ha with 50.8% of the total forest area. This cartographic expression is effective, firstly for forestry in the discrimination of forest plots where the thermal factor is the limiting factor of productivity and secondly for decision makers to define the forest management strategies of country.
Diplôme : Doctorat en sciences En ligne : ../theses/biologie/LAA6983.pdf Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : https://bu.umc.edu.dz/md/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=10412 Cartographie de la variabilité thermique des écosystèmes forestiers de l’Est algérien [texte imprimé] / Ahmed Laala, Auteur ; Djamel Alatou, Directeur de thèse . - [S.l.] : جامعة الإخوة منتوري قسنطينة, 2016 . - 212 f. ; 30 cm.
2 copies imprimées disponibles
Langues : Français (fre)
Catégories : Français - Anglais
BiologieTags : Variabilité Température Forêt NDVI SIG MODIS Est algérien Cartographie Variability Temperature Forest GIS , Eastern Algeria Cartography ???????? ??????? ?????? ???? ?????? ??????? ?????? ???? ????????? ???????? ????? ??????? MODIS ??? ??????? Index. décimale : 570 Sciences de la vie. Biologie Résumé : Algerian forest patrimony is estimated at 4 million hectares, including forests, Scrub and brush. This forest is exposed to natural and anthropogenic hazards that cause severe degradation resulting mainly in continued regressive evolution and a ubstantial loss of wealth. Among the natural threats is the climate conditions and particularly the temperature of the environment in which forest ecosystems evolve. In addition to its action on life processes, on growth and on phenology of species, temperature can change also the biogeographic areas of ecosystems.
In this study we analyzed the temperature to characterize the thermal environment of
eastern Algeria and the effects of its variation on the dynamics and photosynthetic activity of forest ecosystems in this vast area. The used data is the temperatures for a period of 30 consecutive years (1982-2011) and spectral index (NDVI) which can detect the photosynthetic signal above the canopy.
Statistical analysis of long temperature series reveals that the warming observed
worldwide is already noticed in eastern Algeria. The majority of the wilayas exposed to this hazard, where the trend is more pronounced for the annual maximum temperature, may reach 3 °C/30years, an increase of 0.1C°/year. Thus, the estimate of thermal field for each pixel in eastern Algeria was realized by using Geostatistical methods based on multiple regression between temperature and the explanatory variables describing the relief. From these spatial data, the thermal limits have been defined for each forest species. Finally, the technical of GIS and satellite images allowed us to monitor the dynamics of forest vegetation, and to build maps that define the relationship between forest biomass and thermal parameters. These maps helped us to
identify 901087 hectares where trees were very sensitive to changes in the average temperature, with a percentage of 53.9% of the total area of the studied forest ecosystems. Thus, the minimum temperature affects photosynthesis of forest species in an area of 852406 ha with 50.8% of the total forest area. This cartographic expression is effective, firstly for forestry in the discrimination of forest plots where the thermal factor is the limiting factor of productivity and secondly for decision makers to define the forest management strategies of country.
Diplôme : Doctorat en sciences En ligne : ../theses/biologie/LAA6983.pdf Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : https://bu.umc.edu.dz/md/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=10412 Exemplaires (1)
Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité LAA/6983 LAA/6983 Thèse Bibliothèque principale Thèses Disponible
Titre : Etude et conception d’antennes à résonateurs diélectriques : Application à la réalisation d’une antenne reconfigurable Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Abla Behloul èp Bachkhaznadji, Auteur ; Abdelmadjid Benghalia, Directeur de thèse ; Tayeb A Denidni, Directeur de thèse Editeur : جامعة الإخوة منتوري قسنطينة Année de publication : 2017 Importance : 100 f. Format : 30 cm. Note générale : 2 copies imprimées disponibles
Langues : Français (fre) Catégories : Français - Anglais
ElectroniqueTags : Antennes à résonateur diélectrique méthode des différences finies dans le
domaine temporel (FDTD) effet de couplage antenne reconfigurable en diagramme de
rayonnement Variability Temperature Forest NDVI GIS MODIS Eastern Algeria Cartography ????? ?? ???? ???? ????? ?????? ???????? ?? ?????? ?????? (FDTD) ????? ????? ????? ???
??????? ? ????? ????????Index. décimale : 621 Electronique Résumé : This work consists of a contribution to the modeling and the conception of dielectric resonator
antennas with application to the realization of reconfigurable antenna. The dielectric resonator
antennas are important antenna for the flexibility and the ease of integration in wireless
systems (WLAN), where they allow to use several shapes (rectangular, triangular,etc) and
several power supplies (coupling slot, coaxial cable,etc.). We are also interested by the
coupling effect due to the presence of another antenna or a presence of a coupling slot. The
calculated program based on the FDTD method to modeling a dielectric resonator antenna, we
enable to calculate the reflection coefficient, the input impedance electrical and the magnetic
fields. The HFSS simulator is used to validate these results. Then, this study has been
extended to the conception and the fabrication of a reconfigurable dielectric resonator
antenna. For this purpose, we studied and simulated a reconfigurable antenna structure by
using two simulator (HFSS, CST), then we proposed another structure which is a triangular
reconfigurable dielectric resonator antenna simulated by CST simulator and fabricated in RF
laboratory, of the National Institute of Scientific Research, INRS, Canada. The numerical
results are presented in terms of the reflection coefficient, radiation pattern, gain, and
efficiency. In addition, we have studied an dielectric resonator antenna with reconfigurable by
diodes PIN. Two distinct radiation patterns were obtained by maintaining the same resonance
frequency, which shows that the insertion of electrically-driven semiconductor components
into the antenna base structure provides an effective means for reconfigurability of the
radiation
Diplôme : Doctorat en sciences En ligne : ../theses/electronique/BEH7084.pdf Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : https://bu.umc.edu.dz/md/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=10517 Etude et conception d’antennes à résonateurs diélectriques : Application à la réalisation d’une antenne reconfigurable [texte imprimé] / Abla Behloul èp Bachkhaznadji, Auteur ; Abdelmadjid Benghalia, Directeur de thèse ; Tayeb A Denidni, Directeur de thèse . - [S.l.] : جامعة الإخوة منتوري قسنطينة, 2017 . - 100 f. ; 30 cm.
2 copies imprimées disponibles
Langues : Français (fre)
Catégories : Français - Anglais
ElectroniqueTags : Antennes à résonateur diélectrique méthode des différences finies dans le
domaine temporel (FDTD) effet de couplage antenne reconfigurable en diagramme de
rayonnement Variability Temperature Forest NDVI GIS MODIS Eastern Algeria Cartography ????? ?? ???? ???? ????? ?????? ???????? ?? ?????? ?????? (FDTD) ????? ????? ????? ???
??????? ? ????? ????????Index. décimale : 621 Electronique Résumé : This work consists of a contribution to the modeling and the conception of dielectric resonator
antennas with application to the realization of reconfigurable antenna. The dielectric resonator
antennas are important antenna for the flexibility and the ease of integration in wireless
systems (WLAN), where they allow to use several shapes (rectangular, triangular,etc) and
several power supplies (coupling slot, coaxial cable,etc.). We are also interested by the
coupling effect due to the presence of another antenna or a presence of a coupling slot. The
calculated program based on the FDTD method to modeling a dielectric resonator antenna, we
enable to calculate the reflection coefficient, the input impedance electrical and the magnetic
fields. The HFSS simulator is used to validate these results. Then, this study has been
extended to the conception and the fabrication of a reconfigurable dielectric resonator
antenna. For this purpose, we studied and simulated a reconfigurable antenna structure by
using two simulator (HFSS, CST), then we proposed another structure which is a triangular
reconfigurable dielectric resonator antenna simulated by CST simulator and fabricated in RF
laboratory, of the National Institute of Scientific Research, INRS, Canada. The numerical
results are presented in terms of the reflection coefficient, radiation pattern, gain, and
efficiency. In addition, we have studied an dielectric resonator antenna with reconfigurable by
diodes PIN. Two distinct radiation patterns were obtained by maintaining the same resonance
frequency, which shows that the insertion of electrically-driven semiconductor components
into the antenna base structure provides an effective means for reconfigurability of the
radiation
Diplôme : Doctorat en sciences En ligne : ../theses/electronique/BEH7084.pdf Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : https://bu.umc.edu.dz/md/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=10517 Exemplaires (1)
Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité BEH/7084 BEH/7084 Thèse Bibliothèque principale Thèses Disponible
Titre : Étude des gènes de prédisposition aux cancers colorectaux : Syndrome de Lynch Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Hedia Ziada-Bouchaar, Auteur ; Nourredine Abadi, Directeur de thèse Editeur : جامعة الإخوة منتوري قسنطينة Année de publication : 2017 Importance : 157 f. Format : 30 cm. Note générale : 2 copies imprimées disponibles
Langues : Français (fre) Catégories : Français - Anglais
BiologieTags : Familles algériennes HNPCC Syndrome de Lynch MLH1 MSH2 gènes MMR Variability Temperature Forest , NDVI GIS MODIS Eastern Algeria Cartography ???????? ????????? ??????? ???????? ????????? ??????? ???? ????? ??????? ???? MLH1? MMR Index. décimale : 570 Sciences de la vie. Biologie Résumé : Colorectal cancer (CRC) is currently a major public health problem in Algeria.
Among the hereditary forms of this cancer, Hereditary Non-Polyposis Colorectal Cancer
(HNPCC) is an autosomal dominant disorder characterized by the early onset of CRC. This
syndrome is linked to germline defects in Mismatch Repair (MMR) genes. The work we have
done has been devoted to studying the molecular correlation between CRC and mutations
occurring in the MLH1, MSH2 and MSH6 repair genes in 27 unrelated Algerian families.
The search for germline mutations was tested by sequencing all exons and adjacent
intronic sequences. Multiplex ligand-dependent probe amplification (MLPA) technique was
used for testing large genomic rearrangements (deletion / duplication), when we observed no
point mutations.
Pathogenic mutations were identified in 15 % of families with clinical suspicion on
HNPCC. Two novel variants described for the first time in Algerian families were identified
in MLH1, c.881_884delTCAGinsCATTCCT and a large deletion in MSH6 gene from a young
onset of CRC. Moreover, the variants of MSH2 gene: c.942+3A>T et c.1030C>T, the most
described ones, were also detected in our families. Furthermore, the families HNPCC caused
by MSH6 germline mutation may show an age of onset that is comparable to this of patients
with MLH1 and MSH2 mutations.
According to our results, we confirmed that MSH2, MLH1, and MSH6 contribute to
CRC susceptibility. This work represents the implementation of a diagnostic algorithm for the
identification of Lynch syndrome patients in Algerian families, which can assist in the
management of these patients and the medical supervision of their relatives at risk.
Diplôme : Doctorat en sciences En ligne : ../theses/biologie/ZIA7080.pdf Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : https://bu.umc.edu.dz/md/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=10521 Étude des gènes de prédisposition aux cancers colorectaux : Syndrome de Lynch [texte imprimé] / Hedia Ziada-Bouchaar, Auteur ; Nourredine Abadi, Directeur de thèse . - [S.l.] : جامعة الإخوة منتوري قسنطينة, 2017 . - 157 f. ; 30 cm.
2 copies imprimées disponibles
Langues : Français (fre)
Catégories : Français - Anglais
BiologieTags : Familles algériennes HNPCC Syndrome de Lynch MLH1 MSH2 gènes MMR Variability Temperature Forest , NDVI GIS MODIS Eastern Algeria Cartography ???????? ????????? ??????? ???????? ????????? ??????? ???? ????? ??????? ???? MLH1? MMR Index. décimale : 570 Sciences de la vie. Biologie Résumé : Colorectal cancer (CRC) is currently a major public health problem in Algeria.
Among the hereditary forms of this cancer, Hereditary Non-Polyposis Colorectal Cancer
(HNPCC) is an autosomal dominant disorder characterized by the early onset of CRC. This
syndrome is linked to germline defects in Mismatch Repair (MMR) genes. The work we have
done has been devoted to studying the molecular correlation between CRC and mutations
occurring in the MLH1, MSH2 and MSH6 repair genes in 27 unrelated Algerian families.
The search for germline mutations was tested by sequencing all exons and adjacent
intronic sequences. Multiplex ligand-dependent probe amplification (MLPA) technique was
used for testing large genomic rearrangements (deletion / duplication), when we observed no
point mutations.
Pathogenic mutations were identified in 15 % of families with clinical suspicion on
HNPCC. Two novel variants described for the first time in Algerian families were identified
in MLH1, c.881_884delTCAGinsCATTCCT and a large deletion in MSH6 gene from a young
onset of CRC. Moreover, the variants of MSH2 gene: c.942+3A>T et c.1030C>T, the most
described ones, were also detected in our families. Furthermore, the families HNPCC caused
by MSH6 germline mutation may show an age of onset that is comparable to this of patients
with MLH1 and MSH2 mutations.
According to our results, we confirmed that MSH2, MLH1, and MSH6 contribute to
CRC susceptibility. This work represents the implementation of a diagnostic algorithm for the
identification of Lynch syndrome patients in Algerian families, which can assist in the
management of these patients and the medical supervision of their relatives at risk.
Diplôme : Doctorat en sciences En ligne : ../theses/biologie/ZIA7080.pdf Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : https://bu.umc.edu.dz/md/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=10521 Exemplaires (1)
Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité ZIA/7080 ZIA/7080 Thèse Bibliothèque principale Thèses Disponible Evaluation des ressources phytogénétiques des blés cultivés en Algérie et de leurs apparentés. / Ouahiba Hamdi
Titre : Evaluation des ressources phytogénétiques des blés cultivés en Algérie et de leurs apparentés. : Analyse de l’expression différentielle de protéines dans le grain selon deux conditions de culture (biologique versus conventionnelle) Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Ouahiba Hamdi, Auteur ; Douadi Khelifi, Directeur de thèse Editeur : Constantine : Université Mentouri Constantine Année de publication : 2011 Importance : 132 f. Format : 30 cm. Note générale : 2 copies imprimées disponibles Langues : Français (fre) Catégories : Français - Anglais
BiologieTags : collections de blé sous unités gluténines électrophorèse variabilité protome endosperme conditions environmentales culture conventionnelle culture biologique wheat collections Glutenin subunits electrophoresis Variability endosperm environmental conditions conventionel regime organic regime ??????? ?? ????? ???????? ???? ?????? ?????????? ?????????? ??????? ????? ??????? ???????? ?????
??????? ?????????Index. décimale : 570 Sciences de la vie. Biologie Résumé : In the first part of this study, several collections were analyzed in order to appreciate the allelic variation of high and low-molecular-weight (HMW and LMW) glutenin subunits composition: a collection of 59 accessions representing 5 genomes (U, C, M, D, N), collection of 856 accessions of local durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.) collected in Algeria and divided a priori according to their agronomical and morphological traits in 17 varieties, a collection of thirty accessions of lines sisters coming from the ICARDA, obtained from interspecific crossings between 2 Syrian varieties of durum wheat (Cham and Oum Rabi) and 2 related species (T. dicoccum and T. polonicum) and two other collections of 71 bread wheat and 120 durum wheat germoplasm grown in Algeria. Seed samples were provided for the most part by the International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (Alep, Syria). The biochemical analysis was carried out by monodimensionel SDS-PAGE.
In Aegilops collection, several new alleles corresponding to HMW subunits were detected and an allelic nomenclature was drawn up in which a total of 16 alleles were exprimed at the locus Glu-U1, 13 at Glu-M1, 9 at Glu-C1, 6 at Glu-N1 and 10 at the Glu-D1 locus.
Important variation was found in the collection of botanic durum wheat. Among the 16 alleles identified at the Glu-1 loci, two were new. The first named Glu-B1i1 encoding for two bands located between 17 and 18 which was assigned the nomenclature 171 and 181. The other named Glu-B1e1 codes two bands similar to 20x and 20y but with faster mobility, which were named 20x1-20y1 and were analyzed to determine the number of thiol groups. Three and Seven cysteine residues were found respectively. At Glu-3 and Glu-2 loci, 19 alleles were identified, where the allele named Glu-B3ab (encoding for subunits 2-8-9-13-16) was considered as new.
In the collection of related durum wheat, we can count six allelic forms, which two are localised at the locus Glu-A1, it acts of the allele “a” and the allele “c” and four at the locus Glu-B1, they are “a, b, d and i”. While referring to international allelic nomenclature, these alleles code for following proteins: 1, nul, 7, 7+8, 6+8 and 17+18 respectively. Important polymorphism caracterise HMW-GS with a total of 13 alleles identified.The knowledge of these alleles constitutes an important tool for the identification varietal of wheat.
Extensive variation has been found in bread and durum wheat germoplasm grown in Algeria. In bread wheat 3, 6 and 5 alleles were observed at Glu-A1, Glu-B1 and Glu-D1 loci encoding HMW-GS respectively. LMW-GS displayed similar polymorphism, as 4, 9 and 3 alleles were identified at loci Glu-A3, Glu-B3 and Glu-D3 respectively. In durum wheat collection, 3 alleles were exprimeted at Glu-A1 locus and 9 at Glu-B1. At Glu-A3, Glu-B3 and Glu-B2 loci 5,8 and 2 alleles were identified.
The new HMW and LMW glutenin variation found in this work suggests their possible utilisation in breeding for wheat quality. The aim of the second part of this study was to evaluate the differences due to the culture regimes (biological versus conventional) in composition of total and metabolic proteins in the mature wheat grain. The analyses were carried out on three classes of sizes of grains (small, middle and large) from two varieties of bread wheat: Ataro and Renan. The two varieties exhibited differences on the grain sizes distribution. The one-dimensional electrophoretic analyses of storage and metabolic proteins showed a significant effect of the culture regime on HMW-SG and LMW-SG for the two varieties. Many gliadins (5 bands out of 16 for Renan and 11 out of 22 for Ataro) were influenced by culture regimes. The proteomic approach, carried out on the Ataro variety, revealed for all sizes of grains, 20 variable spots of which three were more expressed in biological regime. Analysis of the proteome between sizes revealed 149 spots quantitatively different from one class to another for the biological regime, against 115 for the conventional regime. In addition to storage proteins, spectrometry analysis using MALDI-TOF and the database interrogations, allowed serpines and proteins involved in the sugars metabolism to be identified.Diplôme : Doctorat en sciences En ligne : ../theses/biologie/HAM6350.pdf Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : https://bu.umc.edu.dz/md/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=6320 Evaluation des ressources phytogénétiques des blés cultivés en Algérie et de leurs apparentés. : Analyse de l’expression différentielle de protéines dans le grain selon deux conditions de culture (biologique versus conventionnelle) [texte imprimé] / Ouahiba Hamdi, Auteur ; Douadi Khelifi, Directeur de thèse . - Constantine : Université Mentouri Constantine, 2011 . - 132 f. ; 30 cm.
2 copies imprimées disponibles
Langues : Français (fre)
Catégories : Français - Anglais
BiologieTags : collections de blé sous unités gluténines électrophorèse variabilité protome endosperme conditions environmentales culture conventionnelle culture biologique wheat collections Glutenin subunits electrophoresis Variability endosperm environmental conditions conventionel regime organic regime ??????? ?? ????? ???????? ???? ?????? ?????????? ?????????? ??????? ????? ??????? ???????? ?????
??????? ?????????Index. décimale : 570 Sciences de la vie. Biologie Résumé : In the first part of this study, several collections were analyzed in order to appreciate the allelic variation of high and low-molecular-weight (HMW and LMW) glutenin subunits composition: a collection of 59 accessions representing 5 genomes (U, C, M, D, N), collection of 856 accessions of local durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.) collected in Algeria and divided a priori according to their agronomical and morphological traits in 17 varieties, a collection of thirty accessions of lines sisters coming from the ICARDA, obtained from interspecific crossings between 2 Syrian varieties of durum wheat (Cham and Oum Rabi) and 2 related species (T. dicoccum and T. polonicum) and two other collections of 71 bread wheat and 120 durum wheat germoplasm grown in Algeria. Seed samples were provided for the most part by the International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (Alep, Syria). The biochemical analysis was carried out by monodimensionel SDS-PAGE.
In Aegilops collection, several new alleles corresponding to HMW subunits were detected and an allelic nomenclature was drawn up in which a total of 16 alleles were exprimed at the locus Glu-U1, 13 at Glu-M1, 9 at Glu-C1, 6 at Glu-N1 and 10 at the Glu-D1 locus.
Important variation was found in the collection of botanic durum wheat. Among the 16 alleles identified at the Glu-1 loci, two were new. The first named Glu-B1i1 encoding for two bands located between 17 and 18 which was assigned the nomenclature 171 and 181. The other named Glu-B1e1 codes two bands similar to 20x and 20y but with faster mobility, which were named 20x1-20y1 and were analyzed to determine the number of thiol groups. Three and Seven cysteine residues were found respectively. At Glu-3 and Glu-2 loci, 19 alleles were identified, where the allele named Glu-B3ab (encoding for subunits 2-8-9-13-16) was considered as new.
In the collection of related durum wheat, we can count six allelic forms, which two are localised at the locus Glu-A1, it acts of the allele “a” and the allele “c” and four at the locus Glu-B1, they are “a, b, d and i”. While referring to international allelic nomenclature, these alleles code for following proteins: 1, nul, 7, 7+8, 6+8 and 17+18 respectively. Important polymorphism caracterise HMW-GS with a total of 13 alleles identified.The knowledge of these alleles constitutes an important tool for the identification varietal of wheat.
Extensive variation has been found in bread and durum wheat germoplasm grown in Algeria. In bread wheat 3, 6 and 5 alleles were observed at Glu-A1, Glu-B1 and Glu-D1 loci encoding HMW-GS respectively. LMW-GS displayed similar polymorphism, as 4, 9 and 3 alleles were identified at loci Glu-A3, Glu-B3 and Glu-D3 respectively. In durum wheat collection, 3 alleles were exprimeted at Glu-A1 locus and 9 at Glu-B1. At Glu-A3, Glu-B3 and Glu-B2 loci 5,8 and 2 alleles were identified.
The new HMW and LMW glutenin variation found in this work suggests their possible utilisation in breeding for wheat quality. The aim of the second part of this study was to evaluate the differences due to the culture regimes (biological versus conventional) in composition of total and metabolic proteins in the mature wheat grain. The analyses were carried out on three classes of sizes of grains (small, middle and large) from two varieties of bread wheat: Ataro and Renan. The two varieties exhibited differences on the grain sizes distribution. The one-dimensional electrophoretic analyses of storage and metabolic proteins showed a significant effect of the culture regime on HMW-SG and LMW-SG for the two varieties. Many gliadins (5 bands out of 16 for Renan and 11 out of 22 for Ataro) were influenced by culture regimes. The proteomic approach, carried out on the Ataro variety, revealed for all sizes of grains, 20 variable spots of which three were more expressed in biological regime. Analysis of the proteome between sizes revealed 149 spots quantitatively different from one class to another for the biological regime, against 115 for the conventional regime. In addition to storage proteins, spectrometry analysis using MALDI-TOF and the database interrogations, allowed serpines and proteins involved in the sugars metabolism to be identified.Diplôme : Doctorat en sciences En ligne : ../theses/biologie/HAM6350.pdf Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : https://bu.umc.edu.dz/md/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=6320 Exemplaires (1)
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