Résultat de la recherche
5 résultat(s) recherche sur le tag 'Biodiversity' 
Visionner les documents numériques
Affiner la recherche Générer le flux rss de la recherche
Partager le résultat de cette recherche Interroger des sources externesEtude de la biodiversite des lombriciens et leurs relations avec les proprietes du sol dans differents etages bioclimatiques, dans l’est Algerien. / Kamel-eddine Bazri
Titre : Etude de la biodiversite des lombriciens et leurs relations avec les proprietes du sol dans differents etages bioclimatiques, dans l’est Algerien. Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Kamel-eddine Bazri, Auteur ; Ghania Touati Ouahrani, Directeur de thèse Editeur : constantine [Algérie] : Université Constantine 1 Année de publication : 2014 Importance : 170 f. Format : 30 cm. Note générale : 2 copies imprimées disponibles
Langues : Français (fre) Catégories : Français - Anglais
BiologieTags : Vers de terre biodiversité Est algérien étages bioclimatiques en Algérie Biologie du sol pédofaune Earthworms biodiversity Eastern Algerian Soil biology bioclimatic stages in Algeria the fauna of the ground ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ????? ???????? ????????? ???????? ???????? ???????? ?????? ????? ?????? Index. décimale : 570 Sciences de la vie. Biologie Résumé :
The objective of our work is to describe the biodiversity of earthworm fauna in Eastern Algeria, along a gradient from the coast to the desert and their relations with soil (pH, electrical conductivity, organic matter and soil texture) and climatic factors. Eighteen species are identified in this study: Aporrectodea trapezoides, Aporrectodea rosea, Allolobophora molleri, Aporrectodea montícola, Octodrilus complanatus, Aporrectodea carochensis, Octodrilus maghrebinus, Eisenia fetida, Dendrobaena byblica, Aporrectodea tetramammalis, Eiseniella tetraedra, Proctodrilus antipae, Octolasion lacteum, Aporrectodea caliginosa, Allolobophora chlorotica, Microscolex dubius, Microscolex phosphoreus and Hormogaster redii.
The species Ap. trapezoids dominates throughout the field of study (PDC = 50,37%).
Regarding the demoecology, the average values of density and earthworm biomass, reduce from the north (40,50 ± 11,86 individuals / m2 and 6,92 ± 4,88 g / m2) to the south (3,89 ± 2,80 individuals / m2 and 1,07 ± 0,83 g / m2) of the study transect.
Species Aporrectodea rosea and Aporrectodea trapezoides Allolobophora molleri can withstand environments rich in sand. Their substrates are rich in nitrogen. However, Octolasion lacteum, Octodrilus maghrebinus, Dendrobaena byblica, Aporrectodea carochensis and Microscolex dubius show trends towards high levels of organic matter and clay. The group of Aporrectodea caliginosa, Aporrectodea monticola Octodrilus complanatus, Allolobophora chlorotica and Hormogaster redii is related to parameters CaCO3, Ca ++, the silt fraction and poor sites in organic matter.
It seems that both species Aporrectodea rosea and Aporrectodea trapezoides can withstand hot, dry climate like that of Algeria.
Diplôme : Doctorat en sciences En ligne : ../theses/biologie/BAZ6616.pdf Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : https://bu.umc.edu.dz/md/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=9737 Etude de la biodiversite des lombriciens et leurs relations avec les proprietes du sol dans differents etages bioclimatiques, dans l’est Algerien. [texte imprimé] / Kamel-eddine Bazri, Auteur ; Ghania Touati Ouahrani, Directeur de thèse . - constantine (Route ain el bey, Algérie) : Université Constantine 1, 2014 . - 170 f. ; 30 cm.
2 copies imprimées disponibles
Langues : Français (fre)
Catégories : Français - Anglais
BiologieTags : Vers de terre biodiversité Est algérien étages bioclimatiques en Algérie Biologie du sol pédofaune Earthworms biodiversity Eastern Algerian Soil biology bioclimatic stages in Algeria the fauna of the ground ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ????? ???????? ????????? ???????? ???????? ???????? ?????? ????? ?????? Index. décimale : 570 Sciences de la vie. Biologie Résumé :
The objective of our work is to describe the biodiversity of earthworm fauna in Eastern Algeria, along a gradient from the coast to the desert and their relations with soil (pH, electrical conductivity, organic matter and soil texture) and climatic factors. Eighteen species are identified in this study: Aporrectodea trapezoides, Aporrectodea rosea, Allolobophora molleri, Aporrectodea montícola, Octodrilus complanatus, Aporrectodea carochensis, Octodrilus maghrebinus, Eisenia fetida, Dendrobaena byblica, Aporrectodea tetramammalis, Eiseniella tetraedra, Proctodrilus antipae, Octolasion lacteum, Aporrectodea caliginosa, Allolobophora chlorotica, Microscolex dubius, Microscolex phosphoreus and Hormogaster redii.
The species Ap. trapezoids dominates throughout the field of study (PDC = 50,37%).
Regarding the demoecology, the average values of density and earthworm biomass, reduce from the north (40,50 ± 11,86 individuals / m2 and 6,92 ± 4,88 g / m2) to the south (3,89 ± 2,80 individuals / m2 and 1,07 ± 0,83 g / m2) of the study transect.
Species Aporrectodea rosea and Aporrectodea trapezoides Allolobophora molleri can withstand environments rich in sand. Their substrates are rich in nitrogen. However, Octolasion lacteum, Octodrilus maghrebinus, Dendrobaena byblica, Aporrectodea carochensis and Microscolex dubius show trends towards high levels of organic matter and clay. The group of Aporrectodea caliginosa, Aporrectodea monticola Octodrilus complanatus, Allolobophora chlorotica and Hormogaster redii is related to parameters CaCO3, Ca ++, the silt fraction and poor sites in organic matter.
It seems that both species Aporrectodea rosea and Aporrectodea trapezoides can withstand hot, dry climate like that of Algeria.
Diplôme : Doctorat en sciences En ligne : ../theses/biologie/BAZ6616.pdf Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : https://bu.umc.edu.dz/md/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=9737 Exemplaires (1)
Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité BAZ/6616 BAZ/6616 Thèse Bibliothèque principale Thèses Disponible Documents numériques
texte intégreAdobe Acrobat PDF
Titre : Etude systématique de la faune nécrophage d’intérêt médicolégale sur cadavre animal et activité saisonnale des Diptères Calliphoridae. Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Selma El Batoul Benmira, Auteur ; Selima Berchi, Directeur de thèse Editeur : جامعة الإخوة منتوري قسنطينة Année de publication : 2018 Importance : 135 f. Format : 30 cm. Note générale : 2 copies imprimées disponibles
Langues : Français (fre) Catégories : Français - Anglais
BiologieTags : Entomologie forensique biodiversité insectes nécrophages Diptères Calliphoridae saisons Forensic entomology biodiversity necrophagous insects Diptera seasons ??? ??????? ?????? ?????? ????????? ??????? ????? ???? ???????? ??????????? ????
?????Index. décimale : 570 Sciences de la vie. Biologie Résumé : Work on forensic entomology is fragmentary and limited in Algeria. Knowing its importance in forensic science, this study contributestothe improvement of the knowledge on the biodiversity of the scavenging fauna and a better understanding of the activity of Diptera, Calliphoridae during the four seasons of the year for this family is
considered the most important in dating the Interval Post Mortem (IPM).
For these experiments, four dog corpses (Canis) have been used as substrates,each in a different season of the year 2012/2013.The study was conducted in an open space near the laboratory of Biosystematics and Ecology of Arthropods in ChaabatErsas (36 ° 20'16.20 ""N; 6 ° 37'33.32"" E) Constantine, Algeria.
One hour after the dogs’ euthanasia, they have been put in a cage covered with an iron fence to protect them from predators.From this moment, daily samples of the adult necrophagous insects present on the corpses and thereabouts have been taken.
Daily sampling allowed us to harvest a total of 2132 necrophagous insects belonging mainly to three types namely that of Diptera (43.99%), Coleoptera (55.44%) and Hymenoptera (0.56%). ). 23 necrophagous species have been listed.
The analysis of the results reveals that the fauna collected on the corpse in Spring is the most diversified compared to the other three seasons, and that the Diptera Calliphoridae belonging to the genera Lucilia and Chrysomia (green flies) are more adapted to the heat, unlike those belonging to the genus Calliphora (blue flies) which are better adapted to the cold.
Moreover, the obtained results reveal that the colonization of the substrate by necrophagous insects varies depending on the seasons and therefore the climatic conditions.
Diplôme : Doctorat En ligne : ../theses/biologie/BEN7302.pdf Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : https://bu.umc.edu.dz/md/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=10917 Etude systématique de la faune nécrophage d’intérêt médicolégale sur cadavre animal et activité saisonnale des Diptères Calliphoridae. [texte imprimé] / Selma El Batoul Benmira, Auteur ; Selima Berchi, Directeur de thèse . - [S.l.] : جامعة الإخوة منتوري قسنطينة, 2018 . - 135 f. ; 30 cm.
2 copies imprimées disponibles
Langues : Français (fre)
Catégories : Français - Anglais
BiologieTags : Entomologie forensique biodiversité insectes nécrophages Diptères Calliphoridae saisons Forensic entomology biodiversity necrophagous insects Diptera seasons ??? ??????? ?????? ?????? ????????? ??????? ????? ???? ???????? ??????????? ????
?????Index. décimale : 570 Sciences de la vie. Biologie Résumé : Work on forensic entomology is fragmentary and limited in Algeria. Knowing its importance in forensic science, this study contributestothe improvement of the knowledge on the biodiversity of the scavenging fauna and a better understanding of the activity of Diptera, Calliphoridae during the four seasons of the year for this family is
considered the most important in dating the Interval Post Mortem (IPM).
For these experiments, four dog corpses (Canis) have been used as substrates,each in a different season of the year 2012/2013.The study was conducted in an open space near the laboratory of Biosystematics and Ecology of Arthropods in ChaabatErsas (36 ° 20'16.20 ""N; 6 ° 37'33.32"" E) Constantine, Algeria.
One hour after the dogs’ euthanasia, they have been put in a cage covered with an iron fence to protect them from predators.From this moment, daily samples of the adult necrophagous insects present on the corpses and thereabouts have been taken.
Daily sampling allowed us to harvest a total of 2132 necrophagous insects belonging mainly to three types namely that of Diptera (43.99%), Coleoptera (55.44%) and Hymenoptera (0.56%). ). 23 necrophagous species have been listed.
The analysis of the results reveals that the fauna collected on the corpse in Spring is the most diversified compared to the other three seasons, and that the Diptera Calliphoridae belonging to the genera Lucilia and Chrysomia (green flies) are more adapted to the heat, unlike those belonging to the genus Calliphora (blue flies) which are better adapted to the cold.
Moreover, the obtained results reveal that the colonization of the substrate by necrophagous insects varies depending on the seasons and therefore the climatic conditions.
Diplôme : Doctorat En ligne : ../theses/biologie/BEN7302.pdf Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : https://bu.umc.edu.dz/md/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=10917 Exemplaires (1)
Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité BEN/7302 BEN/7302 Thèse Bibliothèque principale Thèses Disponible
Titre : دراسة الخصائص الزهرية عنذ أبرز النباتات الوعائية ()Spermaphytesالمنتشرة بمنطقة قسنطينة ووضع رزنامة زهرية أولية Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : معاد بولعسل, Auteur ; مصطفى بن لعريبي, Directeur de thèse Editeur : جامعة الإخوة منتوري قسنطينة Année de publication : 2016 Importance : 239 ورقة. Note générale : 2نسخ موجودة مكتبة المركزية
Langues : Arabe (ara) Catégories : Arabe
5 البيولوجياTags : ???????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ???????????? ?????????? ???? ??????? ????????
biodiversité appareil reproducteur caractères morpho-histologiques phase floraison allergie Biodiversity reproductive system morpho-histological characteristics phase of
blooming climatic variations allergyIndex. décimale : 570 بيولوجيا Résumé :
The check-list, the follow-up of the phase of blooming, taking of samples, observation binocular magnifying glass and optical microscope, showed an important biodiversity represented by more than 290 of plant species listed in 60 families.
The study represents a database of the morphological and histological characteristics of the reproductive system of most abundant plant species in Constantine’s region, northeast of Algeria.
The follow-up of the development cycle and particularly the phase of bloomingof these species during successive periods (2012/2013, 2013/2014) and 2014/2015), allowed to notice the effect of certain factorson this phase and to propose on one hand a floral calendarof the region of study.
It was observed on the other hand, the effect of the climatic variations from one year to another on the blooming herself and consequently on the people allergic to the grainsof pollen.
The results obtained through this study confirm that the floral characteristics (morphological and histological) always remains necessary for the distribution of plants in groups to classify them according to the visible criteria of resemblance on one hand, and the criteria of disparity
on the other hand. This remains valid as well at the level of the family; genus, the species and even the varieties.It is necessary to add to it their stability in time.
The study revealed three ways of pollination in the fertilization of flowers:
-Anemophily (wind pollination), -Entomophily (zoo-pollination)-Gravitational pollination.
The follow-up of the phase of the blooming in the area of study suggests the existence of groups of plants. Indeed, is observed a strong link between the ecological factors such as the light period (photoperiod), the temperatures (thermo-periods) and pluviometry.
The comparison between three periods of the study, highlights that the climatic variations from one year to another one, engendered a progress (precocity) or a delay (belatedness) in the starting up of the phase of blooming of certain species what rang negatively on the yield because
the spring frost in the first case and of the drought of the end of cycle in the second case.
From the point of view human health, it is noticed that the average of infringement by the allergy in man coincides with the density of blooming of plants pulling the distribution of the grains of pollen in the air.Diplôme : Doctorat en sciences En ligne : ../theses/biologie/ABOU4125.pdf Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : https://bu.umc.edu.dz/md/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=10249 دراسة الخصائص الزهرية عنذ أبرز النباتات الوعائية ()Spermaphytesالمنتشرة بمنطقة قسنطينة ووضع رزنامة زهرية أولية [texte imprimé] / معاد بولعسل, Auteur ; مصطفى بن لعريبي, Directeur de thèse . - [S.l.] : جامعة الإخوة منتوري قسنطينة, 2016 . - 239 ورقة.
2نسخ موجودة مكتبة المركزية
Langues : Arabe (ara)
Catégories : Arabe
5 البيولوجياTags : ???????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ???????????? ?????????? ???? ??????? ????????
biodiversité appareil reproducteur caractères morpho-histologiques phase floraison allergie Biodiversity reproductive system morpho-histological characteristics phase of
blooming climatic variations allergyIndex. décimale : 570 بيولوجيا Résumé :
The check-list, the follow-up of the phase of blooming, taking of samples, observation binocular magnifying glass and optical microscope, showed an important biodiversity represented by more than 290 of plant species listed in 60 families.
The study represents a database of the morphological and histological characteristics of the reproductive system of most abundant plant species in Constantine’s region, northeast of Algeria.
The follow-up of the development cycle and particularly the phase of bloomingof these species during successive periods (2012/2013, 2013/2014) and 2014/2015), allowed to notice the effect of certain factorson this phase and to propose on one hand a floral calendarof the region of study.
It was observed on the other hand, the effect of the climatic variations from one year to another on the blooming herself and consequently on the people allergic to the grainsof pollen.
The results obtained through this study confirm that the floral characteristics (morphological and histological) always remains necessary for the distribution of plants in groups to classify them according to the visible criteria of resemblance on one hand, and the criteria of disparity
on the other hand. This remains valid as well at the level of the family; genus, the species and even the varieties.It is necessary to add to it their stability in time.
The study revealed three ways of pollination in the fertilization of flowers:
-Anemophily (wind pollination), -Entomophily (zoo-pollination)-Gravitational pollination.
The follow-up of the phase of the blooming in the area of study suggests the existence of groups of plants. Indeed, is observed a strong link between the ecological factors such as the light period (photoperiod), the temperatures (thermo-periods) and pluviometry.
The comparison between three periods of the study, highlights that the climatic variations from one year to another one, engendered a progress (precocity) or a delay (belatedness) in the starting up of the phase of blooming of certain species what rang negatively on the yield because
the spring frost in the first case and of the drought of the end of cycle in the second case.
From the point of view human health, it is noticed that the average of infringement by the allergy in man coincides with the density of blooming of plants pulling the distribution of the grains of pollen in the air.Diplôme : Doctorat en sciences En ligne : ../theses/biologie/ABOU4125.pdf Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : https://bu.umc.edu.dz/md/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=10249 Exemplaires (1)
Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité بول/4125 بول/4125 Thèse Bibliothèque principale Thèses Disponible
Titre : Approche phytosociologique de la végétation dans le massif : forestier de Chettabah (Constantine) Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Sara Lemouissi, Auteur ; Djamel Alatou, Directeur de thèse Editeur : constantine [Algérie] : Université Constantine 1 Année de publication : 2014 Importance : 99 f. Format : 30 cm. Note générale : 2 copies imprimées disponibles
Langues : Français (fre) Catégories : Français - Anglais
BiologieTags : Chettabah Echantillonnage Phytosociologie Dynamique Biodiversity Sampling Phytosociology Dynamic ?????? ????????? ??? ??????? ???????? ????????? Index. décimale : 570 Sciences de la vie. Biologie Résumé : The forest of Chettabah has the largest ecosystem of the Constantine region with an area of
2400 ha. Subjective sampling was conducted to analyze the vegetation and changes in species
composition of the massif.
The phytosociological analysis shows the presence of four plant communities belonging to
the class Quercetea ilicis (Pistaciolentisci-Quercetum rotundifoliae Dahmani 1997, Calicotomo
spinosae-Quercetum rotundifoliae Dahmani 1997, Cytiso salvifolii-Quercetum
rotundifoliae Dahmani 1997 et Clicotomo spinosae-Pinetum halepensis Brakchi 1998).
The vegetation dynamics is characterized by a regressive series with a matorralisation
progressing to therophytisation
Diplôme : Magistère En ligne : ../theses/biologie/LAM6647.pdf Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : https://bu.umc.edu.dz/md/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=9799 Approche phytosociologique de la végétation dans le massif : forestier de Chettabah (Constantine) [texte imprimé] / Sara Lemouissi, Auteur ; Djamel Alatou, Directeur de thèse . - constantine (Route ain el bey, Algérie) : Université Constantine 1, 2014 . - 99 f. ; 30 cm.
2 copies imprimées disponibles
Langues : Français (fre)
Catégories : Français - Anglais
BiologieTags : Chettabah Echantillonnage Phytosociologie Dynamique Biodiversity Sampling Phytosociology Dynamic ?????? ????????? ??? ??????? ???????? ????????? Index. décimale : 570 Sciences de la vie. Biologie Résumé : The forest of Chettabah has the largest ecosystem of the Constantine region with an area of
2400 ha. Subjective sampling was conducted to analyze the vegetation and changes in species
composition of the massif.
The phytosociological analysis shows the presence of four plant communities belonging to
the class Quercetea ilicis (Pistaciolentisci-Quercetum rotundifoliae Dahmani 1997, Calicotomo
spinosae-Quercetum rotundifoliae Dahmani 1997, Cytiso salvifolii-Quercetum
rotundifoliae Dahmani 1997 et Clicotomo spinosae-Pinetum halepensis Brakchi 1998).
The vegetation dynamics is characterized by a regressive series with a matorralisation
progressing to therophytisation
Diplôme : Magistère En ligne : ../theses/biologie/LAM6647.pdf Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : https://bu.umc.edu.dz/md/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=9799 Exemplaires (1)
Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité LEM/6647 LEM/6647 Thèse Bibliothèque principale Thèses Disponible
Titre : Etude des relations Lumbricidae – éléments traces métalliques en conditions naturelles et contrôlées. : Cas de l’espèce aporrectodea trapezoides Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Mohamed El-Hadef El-Okki, Auteur ; Rached Oualida, Directeur de thèse Editeur : جامعة الإخوة منتوري قسنطينة Année de publication : 2016 Importance : 158 f. Format : 30 cm. Note générale : 2 copies imprimées disponibles
Langues : Français (fre) Catégories : Français - Anglais
BiologieTags : soil trace metal contamination index earthworm biodiversity A. trapezoides bioconcentration bioaccumulation ratio bioassay toxicity avoidance behavior sol élément trace métallique indice de contamination ver de terre biodiversité facteur de bioaccumulation bioessai toxicité évitement ?????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ???? ?????? ???? ????? ?????? ?????? ?A. trapezoides??????? ?????? ????
??????? ?????? ???????? ??????Index. décimale : 570 Sciences de la vie. Biologie Résumé : The bank soils of Rhumel wadi subject to anthropogenic pressures from human activities.
These activities are a source of soil contamination by trace metals (TM). As soil chemical measures
are insufficient, the determination of biological parameters can tell us about the state of soils
contamination by these elements. In this case, earthworms are the most representative population in
the soil.
In this context, relations between earthworms and traces were studied under natural and
controlled conditions, with the main objective to highlight the bioindication importance of earthworm
taxa Aporrectodea trapezoides (Dugès, 1828) in the biomonitoring of metallic contamination of
Rhumel wadi bank soils.
Initially, study focused on soils characterization and evaluation of the degree of contamination
by TM. The results indicate that calcareous fraction is the most important factor contributing to
increase pH, stabilization of organic matter and slowing humification. For TM, total contents were
1.14, 62.7, 19.8, 26.4, 31.0 and 97.7 μg.g-1 for Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn, respectively. The majority
(> 80%) of these elements is of natural origin, while the rest (about 20%) is mobilized fraction. These
levels varied depending on the soil parameters, especially the calcareous fraction. Overall, Constantine
city would be the main source of metal enrichment of studied soils. Among the six analyzed elements,
only Cd and Pb contents exceeded contamination limits. This enrichment is likely due to use
phosphate fertilizer and/or urban areas.
Secondly, it is proposed to study the chosen biological compartment to explain the different
relationships with physicochemical parameters. The results show that earthworm population is
represented by two families and 10 taxa, however A. trapezoides represents most abundant species,
most dominant, better distributed, and therefore the more representative. It seems to be adapted to the
particular conditions of studied soils. Earthworm metal concentrations were 4.7, 4.2, 10.16, 3.15,
34.85 and 210.31 μg.g-1 for Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn, respectively. According to the bioaccumulation
factor, A. trapezoides accumulate Cd, Pb and Zn, and do not accumulate Cr, Cu and Ni. Zn is the most
concentrated because it’s essential role. On the other hand, Cd and Pb accumulation suggest these to
be potentially exposed to risks associated with their levels increase in soils. Moreover, earthworms are
not content to the mobilizable fraction but accumulate these metals from the total fraction.
The last part of this work was devoted to study the impact of the two TM that contaminate
studied soils (Cd and Pb) on chosen species, through an ecotoxicological approach where earthworms
were exposed to different TM concentrations. The results confirmed the strength of these worms at
high metal concentrations and also revealed their avoidance behaviour to the presence of these metals
in soils.
In conclusion, this study showed that A. trapezoides is a powerful tool for biomonitoring of
contaminated soils by TM due to its performance in number and biomass, and its individuals
accumulate TM in their body, which supports the idea of a model for this type of study.Diplôme : Doctorat en sciences En ligne : ../theses/biologie/ELO7035.pdf Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : https://bu.umc.edu.dz/md/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=10564 Etude des relations Lumbricidae – éléments traces métalliques en conditions naturelles et contrôlées. : Cas de l’espèce aporrectodea trapezoides [texte imprimé] / Mohamed El-Hadef El-Okki, Auteur ; Rached Oualida, Directeur de thèse . - [S.l.] : جامعة الإخوة منتوري قسنطينة, 2016 . - 158 f. ; 30 cm.
2 copies imprimées disponibles
Langues : Français (fre)
Catégories : Français - Anglais
BiologieTags : soil trace metal contamination index earthworm biodiversity A. trapezoides bioconcentration bioaccumulation ratio bioassay toxicity avoidance behavior sol élément trace métallique indice de contamination ver de terre biodiversité facteur de bioaccumulation bioessai toxicité évitement ?????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ???? ?????? ???? ????? ?????? ?????? ?A. trapezoides??????? ?????? ????
??????? ?????? ???????? ??????Index. décimale : 570 Sciences de la vie. Biologie Résumé : The bank soils of Rhumel wadi subject to anthropogenic pressures from human activities.
These activities are a source of soil contamination by trace metals (TM). As soil chemical measures
are insufficient, the determination of biological parameters can tell us about the state of soils
contamination by these elements. In this case, earthworms are the most representative population in
the soil.
In this context, relations between earthworms and traces were studied under natural and
controlled conditions, with the main objective to highlight the bioindication importance of earthworm
taxa Aporrectodea trapezoides (Dugès, 1828) in the biomonitoring of metallic contamination of
Rhumel wadi bank soils.
Initially, study focused on soils characterization and evaluation of the degree of contamination
by TM. The results indicate that calcareous fraction is the most important factor contributing to
increase pH, stabilization of organic matter and slowing humification. For TM, total contents were
1.14, 62.7, 19.8, 26.4, 31.0 and 97.7 μg.g-1 for Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn, respectively. The majority
(> 80%) of these elements is of natural origin, while the rest (about 20%) is mobilized fraction. These
levels varied depending on the soil parameters, especially the calcareous fraction. Overall, Constantine
city would be the main source of metal enrichment of studied soils. Among the six analyzed elements,
only Cd and Pb contents exceeded contamination limits. This enrichment is likely due to use
phosphate fertilizer and/or urban areas.
Secondly, it is proposed to study the chosen biological compartment to explain the different
relationships with physicochemical parameters. The results show that earthworm population is
represented by two families and 10 taxa, however A. trapezoides represents most abundant species,
most dominant, better distributed, and therefore the more representative. It seems to be adapted to the
particular conditions of studied soils. Earthworm metal concentrations were 4.7, 4.2, 10.16, 3.15,
34.85 and 210.31 μg.g-1 for Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn, respectively. According to the bioaccumulation
factor, A. trapezoides accumulate Cd, Pb and Zn, and do not accumulate Cr, Cu and Ni. Zn is the most
concentrated because it’s essential role. On the other hand, Cd and Pb accumulation suggest these to
be potentially exposed to risks associated with their levels increase in soils. Moreover, earthworms are
not content to the mobilizable fraction but accumulate these metals from the total fraction.
The last part of this work was devoted to study the impact of the two TM that contaminate
studied soils (Cd and Pb) on chosen species, through an ecotoxicological approach where earthworms
were exposed to different TM concentrations. The results confirmed the strength of these worms at
high metal concentrations and also revealed their avoidance behaviour to the presence of these metals
in soils.
In conclusion, this study showed that A. trapezoides is a powerful tool for biomonitoring of
contaminated soils by TM due to its performance in number and biomass, and its individuals
accumulate TM in their body, which supports the idea of a model for this type of study.Diplôme : Doctorat en sciences En ligne : ../theses/biologie/ELO7035.pdf Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : https://bu.umc.edu.dz/md/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=10564 Exemplaires (1)
Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité ELO/7035 ELO/7035 Thèse Bibliothèque principale Thèses Disponible
