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Partager le résultat de cette recherche Interroger des sources externesCaractètes physiologiques et biochimiques de tolérance du blé dur (Triticum durum Desf.) au strss hydrique / Adra Mouellef
Titre : Caractètes physiologiques et biochimiques de tolérance du blé dur (Triticum durum Desf.) au strss hydrique Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Adra Mouellef, Auteur ; Université Mentouri, Editeur scientifique ; N. Ykhlef, Directeur de thèse Année de publication : 2010 Importance : 69 f. Note générale : 01 Disponible à la salle de recherche 01 Disponible au magazin de la B.U.C. 01 CD Langues : Français (fre) Tags : Morphologie Blé dur Electrophorèse Culture in vitro SDS-PAGE Tolérance PEG Strss hydrique Water stress tolerance durum wheat morphology physiology and biochemistry in vitro culture SDS-PAGE electrophoresis ??????? ?????? ???????? ????? ????? ??????????? ?????????? ??????? ??????? ?? ???????? PEG 600 ?????? ?????????? SDS-PEGA Index. décimale : 570 Sciences de la vie. Biologie Résumé : The objective of this work is to study the effect of water stress, and variability of response in seven genotypes of durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf): Djenah khetaifa, Bidi 17, Guem goum Rkham, Rahouia, Beliouni, Vitron and Waha.
In the first part, we studied various morphological parameters, biochemical and physiological under five irrigation levels (100, 80, 50, 25 and 12.5% of field capacity); the choice of levels of irrigation is to apply at third leaf. The results show that water stress caused a reduction in leaf area, decreased water content, rate of water loss and the rate of total chlorophyll. Similarly, increased specific leaf weight, stomatal resistance and accumulation of prolin and soluble sugars are stored.
In the second part, were analyzed by SDS-PAGE total protein expressed in leaf and root the same genotypes after water stress applied in vitro by addition of PEG 600 to 7%. The electrophoresis diagrams, we give these subunits both in controls than in stress,while others are present or absent in stressed and witnesses.
In conclusion, the study showed that water stress causes the same response mechanisms among seven genotypes but to different degrees.Diplôme : Magistère En ligne : ../theses/biologie/MOU5728.pdf Permalink : https://bu.umc.edu.dz/md/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=1829 Caractètes physiologiques et biochimiques de tolérance du blé dur (Triticum durum Desf.) au strss hydrique [texte imprimé] / Adra Mouellef, Auteur ; Université Mentouri, Editeur scientifique ; N. Ykhlef, Directeur de thèse . - 2010 . - 69 f.
01 Disponible à la salle de recherche 01 Disponible au magazin de la B.U.C. 01 CD
Langues : Français (fre)
Tags : Morphologie Blé dur Electrophorèse Culture in vitro SDS-PAGE Tolérance PEG Strss hydrique Water stress tolerance durum wheat morphology physiology and biochemistry in vitro culture SDS-PAGE electrophoresis ??????? ?????? ???????? ????? ????? ??????????? ?????????? ??????? ??????? ?? ???????? PEG 600 ?????? ?????????? SDS-PEGA Index. décimale : 570 Sciences de la vie. Biologie Résumé : The objective of this work is to study the effect of water stress, and variability of response in seven genotypes of durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf): Djenah khetaifa, Bidi 17, Guem goum Rkham, Rahouia, Beliouni, Vitron and Waha.
In the first part, we studied various morphological parameters, biochemical and physiological under five irrigation levels (100, 80, 50, 25 and 12.5% of field capacity); the choice of levels of irrigation is to apply at third leaf. The results show that water stress caused a reduction in leaf area, decreased water content, rate of water loss and the rate of total chlorophyll. Similarly, increased specific leaf weight, stomatal resistance and accumulation of prolin and soluble sugars are stored.
In the second part, were analyzed by SDS-PAGE total protein expressed in leaf and root the same genotypes after water stress applied in vitro by addition of PEG 600 to 7%. The electrophoresis diagrams, we give these subunits both in controls than in stress,while others are present or absent in stressed and witnesses.
In conclusion, the study showed that water stress causes the same response mechanisms among seven genotypes but to different degrees.Diplôme : Magistère En ligne : ../theses/biologie/MOU5728.pdf Permalink : https://bu.umc.edu.dz/md/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=1829 Exemplaires
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Titre : Embryogénèse somatique, variations somaclonales et tolérance à la salinité chez le blé dur (Triticum durumDesf.). : (Analyse génotypique et moléculaire) Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Zoheira Benabdelhafid, Auteur ; Abdelhamid Djekoun, Directeur de thèse Editeur : جامعة الإخوة منتوري قسنطينة Année de publication : 2016 Importance : 144 f. Format : 30 cm. Note générale : 2 copies imprimées disponibles
Langues : Français (fre) Tags : Blé dur stress salin embryon mature embryogénèse somatique régénération in vitro variations somaclonales RAPD polymorphisme Durum wheat salt stress mature embryo somatic embryogenesis in vitro
regeneration somaclonal variation polymorphism ????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ????? ????? ?????? ??????? ??????? RAPD?????? ?????????? ??????? ?? ?????? ???? ???????Index. décimale : 570 Sciences de la vie. Biologie Résumé : The main objective of this work is to overcome the effect of salt stress on wheat
through different techniques and biotechnology approaches, which are used to improve the behavior of different varieties of durum wheat and to select the best performing. Somatic embryogenesis is currently integrated into many selection schemes since it can significantly reduce the length of improvement cycles. Development of somatic embryos was obtained after cultivation of six varieties of durum wheat (Waha, GuemGoum Rkhem, Beliouni Adnan- 2, Beni and Adnan mestina-1) on a nutrient medium supplemented with 3.5mg / l 2.4-D. The selection of tolerant varieties to the salt stress was achieved by the addition of a selective agent: NaCl. This study is based on the addition of different concentrations of NaCl (0, 4, 8,
12, 16 g/l) to the medium to study the salt stress effect on the development of somatic embryogenesis. NaCl introduced to the regeneration medium was carried out by a sequential addition of different graded concentrations to determine the callus growth rate, the water content, the content of K +, Na + contents and the K + / Na + ratio in the presence orabsence of stress. Moreover, the application of salt stress through direct addition of different NaCl concentrations during the induction phase of callogenesis was exploited to determine the influence of stress on the rate of callogenesis, the germination rate, the rate of embryogenic calli, the regeneration rate and the average number of regenerated plants per callus. in vitro regeneration has proved susceptibelty to the development of somaclonal variation, because
when callogenesis, somatic cells must be adapted to the culture medium and generate new changes in the genome. The detection of these variations is generally performed through revelation techniques by molecular methods. In this study, DNA extracted from the regenerated plants was subjected to polymerase chain reaction (PCR) that allowed, from this template DNA in the presence of arbitrary 9 RAPD primers to obtain a degree of polymorphism indicating the presence of somaclonal variation. Analysis of RAPD profiles revealed that the presence of somaclonal variation may be the result of many crop cycles, application of a severe stress weans and different responses of durum wheat genotypes for cultivation in vitro regeneration.
Diplôme : Doctorat En ligne : ../theses/biologie/BEN6928.pdf Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : https://bu.umc.edu.dz/md/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=10280 Embryogénèse somatique, variations somaclonales et tolérance à la salinité chez le blé dur (Triticum durumDesf.). : (Analyse génotypique et moléculaire) [texte imprimé] / Zoheira Benabdelhafid, Auteur ; Abdelhamid Djekoun, Directeur de thèse . - [S.l.] : جامعة الإخوة منتوري قسنطينة, 2016 . - 144 f. ; 30 cm.
2 copies imprimées disponibles
Langues : Français (fre)
Tags : Blé dur stress salin embryon mature embryogénèse somatique régénération in vitro variations somaclonales RAPD polymorphisme Durum wheat salt stress mature embryo somatic embryogenesis in vitro
regeneration somaclonal variation polymorphism ????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ????? ????? ?????? ??????? ??????? RAPD?????? ?????????? ??????? ?? ?????? ???? ???????Index. décimale : 570 Sciences de la vie. Biologie Résumé : The main objective of this work is to overcome the effect of salt stress on wheat
through different techniques and biotechnology approaches, which are used to improve the behavior of different varieties of durum wheat and to select the best performing. Somatic embryogenesis is currently integrated into many selection schemes since it can significantly reduce the length of improvement cycles. Development of somatic embryos was obtained after cultivation of six varieties of durum wheat (Waha, GuemGoum Rkhem, Beliouni Adnan- 2, Beni and Adnan mestina-1) on a nutrient medium supplemented with 3.5mg / l 2.4-D. The selection of tolerant varieties to the salt stress was achieved by the addition of a selective agent: NaCl. This study is based on the addition of different concentrations of NaCl (0, 4, 8,
12, 16 g/l) to the medium to study the salt stress effect on the development of somatic embryogenesis. NaCl introduced to the regeneration medium was carried out by a sequential addition of different graded concentrations to determine the callus growth rate, the water content, the content of K +, Na + contents and the K + / Na + ratio in the presence orabsence of stress. Moreover, the application of salt stress through direct addition of different NaCl concentrations during the induction phase of callogenesis was exploited to determine the influence of stress on the rate of callogenesis, the germination rate, the rate of embryogenic calli, the regeneration rate and the average number of regenerated plants per callus. in vitro regeneration has proved susceptibelty to the development of somaclonal variation, because
when callogenesis, somatic cells must be adapted to the culture medium and generate new changes in the genome. The detection of these variations is generally performed through revelation techniques by molecular methods. In this study, DNA extracted from the regenerated plants was subjected to polymerase chain reaction (PCR) that allowed, from this template DNA in the presence of arbitrary 9 RAPD primers to obtain a degree of polymorphism indicating the presence of somaclonal variation. Analysis of RAPD profiles revealed that the presence of somaclonal variation may be the result of many crop cycles, application of a severe stress weans and different responses of durum wheat genotypes for cultivation in vitro regeneration.
Diplôme : Doctorat En ligne : ../theses/biologie/BEN6928.pdf Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : https://bu.umc.edu.dz/md/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=10280 Exemplaires
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Titre : تحسين القمح الصلب(Triticum durum Desf.) : دراسة الميكانيزمات المورفوفيزيولوجية واالبيوكيميائية لتحمل الإجهاد المائي Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : راضية بوشارب, Auteur ; حسين غروشة, Directeur de thèse Editeur : جامعة الإخوة منتوري قسنطينة Année de publication : 2016 Format : 30 سم. Note générale : 2نسخ موجودة مكتبة المركزية
Langues : Arabe (ara) Tags : ??????? ?????? ????? ????? ?????????????? ???????????????? ??????????? ??????? water stress durum wheat biochemical morphophysiological phenological yield stress hydrique blé dur biochimique morphophysiologique phénologiques rendement Index. décimale : 570 بيولوجيا Résumé : Although drought stress has been well documented as an effective parameter in decreasing crop production in semi arid regions. The objectives of this study were to detect the effect of water stress in durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf).
The present study was carried out to study the performance of durum wheat. We used in this study ten durum wheat varieties from different sources with two different experiences. The first was on the ground, and the second was conducted in semi-controler conditions.
The first experiment was performed during the agricultural seasons 2011-12, 2012-13, 2013-2014 at the experimental field of the Technical Institute of Field Crops (ITGC) El khroub Constantine, the objectif of this work to study the effect of water stress in natural field conditions, different measures have been taken during plant growth, morphological parameters, phenological, yield and its components. The results showed that the durum wheat response to water stress is associated with the variety, intensity and duration of water stress, the analysis of variance showed highly significant results in most parameters studied. It remains local varieties Bousselem Cirta and more productive compared to other variéties. the second experiment is conducted in a Glass House was located at Chaab el Ressas Constantine University, where we practice different physiological, biochemical measurements and analysis of variance where very significant between genotypes, we recorded a lack of chlorophyll with an increase in the resistance of the stoma by increasing the content of abscisic acid, sodium and potassium, during local varieties showed high adaptation compared to the varieties imported especially the variety Ter-1/3. The results also showed that the drought leads to a lack of water content with respect to the varieties studied, which have been modified by the accumulation of sugars and proline as well as significant differences in molecular weight of the proteins, while the majority of the response to drought stress was different for each variety. The study showed also that the varieties studied responded to water stress by different mechanisms and in proportions between introduced varieties and improved to maintain the vital functions of durum wheat
Diplôme : Doctorat en sciences En ligne : ../theses/biologie/ABOU4135.pdf Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : https://bu.umc.edu.dz/md/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=10303 تحسين القمح الصلب(Triticum durum Desf.) : دراسة الميكانيزمات المورفوفيزيولوجية واالبيوكيميائية لتحمل الإجهاد المائي [texte imprimé] / راضية بوشارب, Auteur ; حسين غروشة, Directeur de thèse . - [S.l.] : جامعة الإخوة منتوري قسنطينة, 2016 . - ; 30 سم.
2نسخ موجودة مكتبة المركزية
Langues : Arabe (ara)
Tags : ??????? ?????? ????? ????? ?????????????? ???????????????? ??????????? ??????? water stress durum wheat biochemical morphophysiological phenological yield stress hydrique blé dur biochimique morphophysiologique phénologiques rendement Index. décimale : 570 بيولوجيا Résumé : Although drought stress has been well documented as an effective parameter in decreasing crop production in semi arid regions. The objectives of this study were to detect the effect of water stress in durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf).
The present study was carried out to study the performance of durum wheat. We used in this study ten durum wheat varieties from different sources with two different experiences. The first was on the ground, and the second was conducted in semi-controler conditions.
The first experiment was performed during the agricultural seasons 2011-12, 2012-13, 2013-2014 at the experimental field of the Technical Institute of Field Crops (ITGC) El khroub Constantine, the objectif of this work to study the effect of water stress in natural field conditions, different measures have been taken during plant growth, morphological parameters, phenological, yield and its components. The results showed that the durum wheat response to water stress is associated with the variety, intensity and duration of water stress, the analysis of variance showed highly significant results in most parameters studied. It remains local varieties Bousselem Cirta and more productive compared to other variéties. the second experiment is conducted in a Glass House was located at Chaab el Ressas Constantine University, where we practice different physiological, biochemical measurements and analysis of variance where very significant between genotypes, we recorded a lack of chlorophyll with an increase in the resistance of the stoma by increasing the content of abscisic acid, sodium and potassium, during local varieties showed high adaptation compared to the varieties imported especially the variety Ter-1/3. The results also showed that the drought leads to a lack of water content with respect to the varieties studied, which have been modified by the accumulation of sugars and proline as well as significant differences in molecular weight of the proteins, while the majority of the response to drought stress was different for each variety. The study showed also that the varieties studied responded to water stress by different mechanisms and in proportions between introduced varieties and improved to maintain the vital functions of durum wheat
Diplôme : Doctorat en sciences En ligne : ../theses/biologie/ABOU4135.pdf Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : https://bu.umc.edu.dz/md/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=10303 Exemplaires
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Titre : Production de génotypes mutants chez le blé dur (Triticum durum) : une source de variabilité génétique pour la tolérance à la sécheresse Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Yamouna Louali, Auteur ; Abdelhamid Djekoun, Directeur de thèse Editeur : جامعة الإخوة منتوري قسنطينة Année de publication : 2016 Importance : 141 f. Format : 30 cm. Note générale : 2 copies imprimées disponibles
Langues : Français (fre) Tags : blé dur mutagénèse EMS irradiation gamma SSR Stress hydrique durum wheat mutagenesis Gamma irradiation Water stress ???? ?????? ??????? ???? ???? ???????? ???????? ??????? ?????? Index. décimale : 570 Sciences de la vie. Biologie Résumé : The exploitation of natural and induced genetic diversity is the basic condition for the improvement of the plant in the development of varieties with desired traits. For this purpose the application of physical and chemical mutagenesis has been established. Four experiments were done:
The first one for the physical mutation by gamma rays in six varieties, an hydroponic
culture study was conducted to determine the effects of Gamma irradiation hysiological and morphological parameters of the plant, The germination percentage increases in seedlings irradiated with 25Gy dose and 100Gy compared to non-irradiated control in the middle Knops, these same doses improved the length of the leaves and roots, root volume and the fresh and dry weight.
Another test in greenhouse that was the subject of a study of the behavior of durum wheat varieties due to water stress induced in the 4th sheet, allowed us to find some mutants that respond better to stress compared to control, for Waha variety mutated with Gamma radiation dose for 180Gy, variety GGR mutated by 220Gy dose, and variety GTA / dur treated with 50GY dose. These new populations were able to respond well to water stress, their adaptation to this stress was relieved following the study of the rate of chlorophyll, leaf temperature, relative water content and osmotic potential.
A third in vitro test was conducted at the end of observing the variations induced by gamma rays on callus of three varieties of durum wheat Waha, Gta / dur and Benimestina. After irradiation, the callus showed browning due to oxidative stress.
A second experiment to study the effects of chemical mutation by EMS on three varieties of durum wheat, by studying grain yield and its components. And the collection of the M2 for molecular study.
A third experiment was made to determine the total protein levels of leaves for all the irradiated samples M1 and mutated with EMS M1 and M2 by SDS-PAGE . The observed
differences revealed protein bands, result in molecular weight and intensity.
A fourth to analyze the variations due to the mutations: Molecular analysis by SSR
microsatellite made with 12 primers revealed polymorphism by the absence and presence of new bands between treated and control varieties. These 48 DNA samples were amplified by the majority of the primers except for BARC8 and WMC322 where there was no amplification. Regarding Gamma mutants: among the 12 markers, 7 are polymorphic (84%) and for the case of EMS among the 12 primers, 6 are polymorphic (50%).
This study showed that random mutagenesis causes changes in the genome that may have
an adverse effect, it can also increase plant growth and development, it depends on the variety and dose or concentration.
Diplôme : Doctorat En ligne : ../theses/biologie/LOU6989.pdf Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : https://bu.umc.edu.dz/md/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=10405 Production de génotypes mutants chez le blé dur (Triticum durum) : une source de variabilité génétique pour la tolérance à la sécheresse [texte imprimé] / Yamouna Louali, Auteur ; Abdelhamid Djekoun, Directeur de thèse . - [S.l.] : جامعة الإخوة منتوري قسنطينة, 2016 . - 141 f. ; 30 cm.
2 copies imprimées disponibles
Langues : Français (fre)
Tags : blé dur mutagénèse EMS irradiation gamma SSR Stress hydrique durum wheat mutagenesis Gamma irradiation Water stress ???? ?????? ??????? ???? ???? ???????? ???????? ??????? ?????? Index. décimale : 570 Sciences de la vie. Biologie Résumé : The exploitation of natural and induced genetic diversity is the basic condition for the improvement of the plant in the development of varieties with desired traits. For this purpose the application of physical and chemical mutagenesis has been established. Four experiments were done:
The first one for the physical mutation by gamma rays in six varieties, an hydroponic
culture study was conducted to determine the effects of Gamma irradiation hysiological and morphological parameters of the plant, The germination percentage increases in seedlings irradiated with 25Gy dose and 100Gy compared to non-irradiated control in the middle Knops, these same doses improved the length of the leaves and roots, root volume and the fresh and dry weight.
Another test in greenhouse that was the subject of a study of the behavior of durum wheat varieties due to water stress induced in the 4th sheet, allowed us to find some mutants that respond better to stress compared to control, for Waha variety mutated with Gamma radiation dose for 180Gy, variety GGR mutated by 220Gy dose, and variety GTA / dur treated with 50GY dose. These new populations were able to respond well to water stress, their adaptation to this stress was relieved following the study of the rate of chlorophyll, leaf temperature, relative water content and osmotic potential.
A third in vitro test was conducted at the end of observing the variations induced by gamma rays on callus of three varieties of durum wheat Waha, Gta / dur and Benimestina. After irradiation, the callus showed browning due to oxidative stress.
A second experiment to study the effects of chemical mutation by EMS on three varieties of durum wheat, by studying grain yield and its components. And the collection of the M2 for molecular study.
A third experiment was made to determine the total protein levels of leaves for all the irradiated samples M1 and mutated with EMS M1 and M2 by SDS-PAGE . The observed
differences revealed protein bands, result in molecular weight and intensity.
A fourth to analyze the variations due to the mutations: Molecular analysis by SSR
microsatellite made with 12 primers revealed polymorphism by the absence and presence of new bands between treated and control varieties. These 48 DNA samples were amplified by the majority of the primers except for BARC8 and WMC322 where there was no amplification. Regarding Gamma mutants: among the 12 markers, 7 are polymorphic (84%) and for the case of EMS among the 12 primers, 6 are polymorphic (50%).
This study showed that random mutagenesis causes changes in the genome that may have
an adverse effect, it can also increase plant growth and development, it depends on the variety and dose or concentration.
Diplôme : Doctorat En ligne : ../theses/biologie/LOU6989.pdf Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : https://bu.umc.edu.dz/md/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=10405 Exemplaires
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Titre : Sélection in vitro pour la tolérance au stress hydrique chez le blé dur (Triticum durum Desf) : approche protéomique, transcriptomique et génétique. Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Nadia Sandra Kacem, Auteur ; Abdelhamid Djekoun, Directeur de thèse ; Yordan Muhovski, Directeur de thèse Editeur : جامعة الإخوة منتوري قسنطينة Année de publication : 2017 Note générale : 2 copies imprimées disponibles
Langues : Français (fre) Tags : Durum wheat water stress PEG 6000 in vitro selection somaclonal
variation molecular marker diagonal two-dimensional electrophoresis , qRT-PCR Western blot Blé dur électrophorèse diagonale bidimensionnelle marqueur moléculaire sélection in vitro stress hydrique variation somaclonaleIndex. décimale : 570 Sciences de la vie. Biologie Résumé : The in vitro evaluation of three durum wheat genotypes (Djenah Khetifa, Oued Zenati
and Waha( to water stress tolerance simulated in vitro by different concentrations of
PEG 6000 indicated significant differences among genotypes, PEG concentrations and
their interactions for all the studied characters, indicating genetic variability in PEGsimulated drought stress. The osmotic pressure has negatively affected all parameters
studied. However, cells that continue to grow under severe osmotic stress are
considered as tolerant to water stress. In vitro screening for stress tolerance reveals the
variety Djenah Khetifa as the most tolerant and Waha as sensitive. The studied traits can
be recommended as suitable selection criteria for screening drought-tolerant genotypes.
Three amplified and reproducible locus (gwm331, gwm335 and gwm427) were retained.
These loci provided in total 78 monomorphic loci of which 69 were detected in somaclones.
Five somaclonal variants (DKR1-S1, DKR1-S2, OZR1-S2, WR1-C3 and WR1-S1) were
identified by only two SSR markers. Genetic variation rate was 21.74%. The presence of
selective agent in the medium could explain the observed genetic variations. Somaclonal
variation cannot always be detected at the gross morphological level. The selected SSR
markers could be used to study the uniformity of plants obtained from tissue culture and
varietal identification. Analysis of the proteins by a new two-dimensional diagonal
electrophoresis approach named (D-2DE) followed by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry
has identified six differentially expressed proteins. For each variety, the level of mRNA
expression of three candidate genes (globulin, GAPDH and peroxidase) and a
ubiquitous (Actine) gene was determined by qRT-PCR. The amounts of mRNA of the
three genes are partially correlated with the amounts of proteins. These genes were
slightly up-regulated over the control. The D-2DE results were validated using Western
blot analysis with specific anti-globulin and anti-glyceraldehyde in the embryogenic
calli of wheat, in response to water stress. The proteins identified through this technique
provide new insights as to how calli respond to osmotic stress. Our method of study
provides an original and relevant approach that could contribute significantly to a better
understanding of possible linkages between the abundance of specific proteins and the
acclimation of durum wheat to water stress at the cellular level.Diplôme : Doctorat en sciences En ligne : ../theses/biologie/KAC7070.pdf Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : https://bu.umc.edu.dz/md/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=10531 Sélection in vitro pour la tolérance au stress hydrique chez le blé dur (Triticum durum Desf) : approche protéomique, transcriptomique et génétique. [texte imprimé] / Nadia Sandra Kacem, Auteur ; Abdelhamid Djekoun, Directeur de thèse ; Yordan Muhovski, Directeur de thèse . - [S.l.] : جامعة الإخوة منتوري قسنطينة, 2017.
2 copies imprimées disponibles
Langues : Français (fre)
Tags : Durum wheat water stress PEG 6000 in vitro selection somaclonal
variation molecular marker diagonal two-dimensional electrophoresis , qRT-PCR Western blot Blé dur électrophorèse diagonale bidimensionnelle marqueur moléculaire sélection in vitro stress hydrique variation somaclonaleIndex. décimale : 570 Sciences de la vie. Biologie Résumé : The in vitro evaluation of three durum wheat genotypes (Djenah Khetifa, Oued Zenati
and Waha( to water stress tolerance simulated in vitro by different concentrations of
PEG 6000 indicated significant differences among genotypes, PEG concentrations and
their interactions for all the studied characters, indicating genetic variability in PEGsimulated drought stress. The osmotic pressure has negatively affected all parameters
studied. However, cells that continue to grow under severe osmotic stress are
considered as tolerant to water stress. In vitro screening for stress tolerance reveals the
variety Djenah Khetifa as the most tolerant and Waha as sensitive. The studied traits can
be recommended as suitable selection criteria for screening drought-tolerant genotypes.
Three amplified and reproducible locus (gwm331, gwm335 and gwm427) were retained.
These loci provided in total 78 monomorphic loci of which 69 were detected in somaclones.
Five somaclonal variants (DKR1-S1, DKR1-S2, OZR1-S2, WR1-C3 and WR1-S1) were
identified by only two SSR markers. Genetic variation rate was 21.74%. The presence of
selective agent in the medium could explain the observed genetic variations. Somaclonal
variation cannot always be detected at the gross morphological level. The selected SSR
markers could be used to study the uniformity of plants obtained from tissue culture and
varietal identification. Analysis of the proteins by a new two-dimensional diagonal
electrophoresis approach named (D-2DE) followed by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry
has identified six differentially expressed proteins. For each variety, the level of mRNA
expression of three candidate genes (globulin, GAPDH and peroxidase) and a
ubiquitous (Actine) gene was determined by qRT-PCR. The amounts of mRNA of the
three genes are partially correlated with the amounts of proteins. These genes were
slightly up-regulated over the control. The D-2DE results were validated using Western
blot analysis with specific anti-globulin and anti-glyceraldehyde in the embryogenic
calli of wheat, in response to water stress. The proteins identified through this technique
provide new insights as to how calli respond to osmotic stress. Our method of study
provides an original and relevant approach that could contribute significantly to a better
understanding of possible linkages between the abundance of specific proteins and the
acclimation of durum wheat to water stress at the cellular level.Diplôme : Doctorat en sciences En ligne : ../theses/biologie/KAC7070.pdf Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : https://bu.umc.edu.dz/md/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=10531 Exemplaires
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