Détail de l'auteur
Auteur Abdelhamid Djekoun |
Documents disponibles écrits par cet auteur (8)
Affiner la recherche Interroger des sources externes"Contribution des phytases bactériennes à l'adaptation de Phaseolus vulgaris à la faible disponibilité de phosphore en sols méditerranéens" / Rim Tinhinen Maougal
Titre : "Contribution des phytases bactériennes à l'adaptation de Phaseolus vulgaris à la faible disponibilité de phosphore en sols méditerranéens" Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Rim Tinhinen Maougal, Auteur ; Abdelhamid Djekoun, Directeur de thèse ; Jean-Jacques Drevon, Directeur de publication Editeur : constantine [Algérie] : Université Constantine 1 Année de publication : 2014 Importance : 114 f. Format : 30 cm. Note générale : 2 copies imprimées disponibles
Langues : Français (fre) Catégories : Français - Anglais
BiologieTags : "activité phytase, communauté bactérienne fonctionnelle, Phaseolus
vulgaris, phytate, rhizosphère."
"phytase activity, functional bacterial community, Phaseolus vulgaris,
phytate, rhizosphere."
إنزيمphytase-نشاط إنزيمي-عشائر البكتيريا الوظيفية-rhizosphère-الفاصولياIndex. décimale : 570 Sciences de la vie. Biologie Résumé : "Phosphorus (P) is often one of the most limiting factors for plant growth because of
its low mobility and inaccessibility in most soils, especially in the Mediterranean
calcareous soils where retention of P is high. This P deficiency affects more
particularly legumes because symbiotic nitrogen fixation consumes more energy than
mineral assimilation. P deficiencies appear within cultures. They can be removed with
inputs oh phosphate fertilizers. But this is not a renewable resource. In this context,
our objectives were to isolate and characterize the functional bacterial soil community
that allows mineralization of phytate, major form of organic P, in inorganic P
assimilated by plants in the bean rhizosphere. The relationship between plant growth
under P deficiency, the mobilization of bacteria in their rhizosphere and phytase
activity were studied in the field or under controlled conditions. The density of this
functional community in the rhizosphere of beans is more important in environments
where P is the most limiting and phytase activity has confirmed the ability of these
isolates to mineralize phytate. This functional community appears in diverse bacterial
genera Pseudomonas, Pantoea, Enterobacter and Salmonella. In situ RT-PCR for
gene phytase BPP showed the localization of bacteria on the roots with a strong
signal on the root tip. Taken together, these results highlight the functional bacterial
community mineralizing the phytate appears stimulated under condition of P
deficiency. They suggest new opportunities for improving the use of organic P to P
nutrition of legumes."
Diplôme : Doctorat en sciences En ligne : ../theses/biologie/MAO6546.pdf Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=9661 "Contribution des phytases bactériennes à l'adaptation de Phaseolus vulgaris à la faible disponibilité de phosphore en sols méditerranéens" [texte imprimé] / Rim Tinhinen Maougal, Auteur ; Abdelhamid Djekoun, Directeur de thèse ; Jean-Jacques Drevon, Directeur de publication . - constantine [Algérie] : Université Constantine 1, 2014 . - 114 f. ; 30 cm.
2 copies imprimées disponibles
Langues : Français (fre)
Catégories : Français - Anglais
BiologieTags : "activité phytase, communauté bactérienne fonctionnelle, Phaseolus
vulgaris, phytate, rhizosphère."
"phytase activity, functional bacterial community, Phaseolus vulgaris,
phytate, rhizosphere."
إنزيمphytase-نشاط إنزيمي-عشائر البكتيريا الوظيفية-rhizosphère-الفاصولياIndex. décimale : 570 Sciences de la vie. Biologie Résumé : "Phosphorus (P) is often one of the most limiting factors for plant growth because of
its low mobility and inaccessibility in most soils, especially in the Mediterranean
calcareous soils where retention of P is high. This P deficiency affects more
particularly legumes because symbiotic nitrogen fixation consumes more energy than
mineral assimilation. P deficiencies appear within cultures. They can be removed with
inputs oh phosphate fertilizers. But this is not a renewable resource. In this context,
our objectives were to isolate and characterize the functional bacterial soil community
that allows mineralization of phytate, major form of organic P, in inorganic P
assimilated by plants in the bean rhizosphere. The relationship between plant growth
under P deficiency, the mobilization of bacteria in their rhizosphere and phytase
activity were studied in the field or under controlled conditions. The density of this
functional community in the rhizosphere of beans is more important in environments
where P is the most limiting and phytase activity has confirmed the ability of these
isolates to mineralize phytate. This functional community appears in diverse bacterial
genera Pseudomonas, Pantoea, Enterobacter and Salmonella. In situ RT-PCR for
gene phytase BPP showed the localization of bacteria on the roots with a strong
signal on the root tip. Taken together, these results highlight the functional bacterial
community mineralizing the phytate appears stimulated under condition of P
deficiency. They suggest new opportunities for improving the use of organic P to P
nutrition of legumes."
Diplôme : Doctorat en sciences En ligne : ../theses/biologie/MAO6546.pdf Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=9661 Exemplaires (1)
Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité MAO/6546 MAO/6546 Thèse Bibliothèque principale Thèses Disponible 
Titre : Diversité et structure génétique des populations de Rhizobium leguminosarum symbiovar viciae isolées du pois (Pisum sativum) et de la lentille (Lens culinaris) cultivés dans deux zones éco-climatiques subhumide et semi-aride de l'est Algérien Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Nassira Riah, Auteur ; Abdelhamid Djekoun, Directeur de thèse ; Gisèle Laguerre, Directeur de thèse ; Philippe De Lajudie, Directeur de thèse Editeur : constantine [Algérie] : Université Constantine 1 Année de publication : 2014 Importance : 131 f. Format : 30 cm. Note générale : 2 copies imprimées disponibles
Langues : Français (fre) Catégories : Français - Anglais
BiologieTags : Pois lentille nodosités Rhizobium diversité symbiose structure génétique des
populations Algérie zones éco-climatiques Pea lentil nodules diversity symbiosis genetic structure of populations Algeria eco-climatic zones البازلا العدس العقد الجذرية الريزوبيوم التنوع التكافل التركيبة الجينية للتجمعات الجزائر المناطق ذات مناخ بيئيIndex. décimale : 570 Sciences de la vie. Biologie Résumé :
The symbiosis Rhizobium-legume leads to the formation of root nodules fixing atmospheric nitrogen. This natural process has a considerable economic and agronomic interest. In Algeria, the production of food and forage legume is affected by environmental and climatic stresses (high temperature, water deficit...). In this study, total of 237 isolates were isolated from root nodules collected on lentil (Lens culinaris), proteaginous and forage peas (Pisum sativum) grown in the field in six sites representing two contrasting eco-climatic zones, sub humid and semi-arid in Eastern Algeria. The main objective was to determine the
degree of variability of the genetic structure of populations of Rhizobium nodulating among sites and isolated plants in different climatic conditions. Our isolates were characterized by PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) of the 16S-23S rRNA intergenic region (IGS), and the nodD-F symbiotic region. The combination of these haplotypes allowed to clustered the isolates into 26 distinct genotypes. Phylogenetic analysis of 16S rDNA sequences allowed us to classify all isolates as Rhizobium leguminosarum. Results obtained showed that the variation of symbiotic marker (nodD-F) is low with the predominance of one
haplotype nod g, previously recovered at high frequency in Europe. Sequence analysis of IGS further confirmed its high variability in the studied strains. An AMOVA analysis showed highly significant differentiation in the IGS haplotype distribution between populations from both eco-climatic zones. This difference was reflected by differences in dominant genotype frequencies. Conversely we could not detect any host plant effect. The nodD gene sequence based phylogeny suggests that symbiotic gene diversity in pea and lentil nodulating rhizobial populations in Algeria is low compared to that reported elsewhere in the world.Diplôme : Doctorat en sciences En ligne : ../theses/biologie/RIA6607.pdf Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=9720 Diversité et structure génétique des populations de Rhizobium leguminosarum symbiovar viciae isolées du pois (Pisum sativum) et de la lentille (Lens culinaris) cultivés dans deux zones éco-climatiques subhumide et semi-aride de l'est Algérien [texte imprimé] / Nassira Riah, Auteur ; Abdelhamid Djekoun, Directeur de thèse ; Gisèle Laguerre, Directeur de thèse ; Philippe De Lajudie, Directeur de thèse . - constantine [Algérie] : Université Constantine 1, 2014 . - 131 f. ; 30 cm.
2 copies imprimées disponibles
Langues : Français (fre)
Catégories : Français - Anglais
BiologieTags : Pois lentille nodosités Rhizobium diversité symbiose structure génétique des
populations Algérie zones éco-climatiques Pea lentil nodules diversity symbiosis genetic structure of populations Algeria eco-climatic zones البازلا العدس العقد الجذرية الريزوبيوم التنوع التكافل التركيبة الجينية للتجمعات الجزائر المناطق ذات مناخ بيئيIndex. décimale : 570 Sciences de la vie. Biologie Résumé :
The symbiosis Rhizobium-legume leads to the formation of root nodules fixing atmospheric nitrogen. This natural process has a considerable economic and agronomic interest. In Algeria, the production of food and forage legume is affected by environmental and climatic stresses (high temperature, water deficit...). In this study, total of 237 isolates were isolated from root nodules collected on lentil (Lens culinaris), proteaginous and forage peas (Pisum sativum) grown in the field in six sites representing two contrasting eco-climatic zones, sub humid and semi-arid in Eastern Algeria. The main objective was to determine the
degree of variability of the genetic structure of populations of Rhizobium nodulating among sites and isolated plants in different climatic conditions. Our isolates were characterized by PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) of the 16S-23S rRNA intergenic region (IGS), and the nodD-F symbiotic region. The combination of these haplotypes allowed to clustered the isolates into 26 distinct genotypes. Phylogenetic analysis of 16S rDNA sequences allowed us to classify all isolates as Rhizobium leguminosarum. Results obtained showed that the variation of symbiotic marker (nodD-F) is low with the predominance of one
haplotype nod g, previously recovered at high frequency in Europe. Sequence analysis of IGS further confirmed its high variability in the studied strains. An AMOVA analysis showed highly significant differentiation in the IGS haplotype distribution between populations from both eco-climatic zones. This difference was reflected by differences in dominant genotype frequencies. Conversely we could not detect any host plant effect. The nodD gene sequence based phylogeny suggests that symbiotic gene diversity in pea and lentil nodulating rhizobial populations in Algeria is low compared to that reported elsewhere in the world.Diplôme : Doctorat en sciences En ligne : ../theses/biologie/RIA6607.pdf Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=9720 Exemplaires (1)
Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité RIA/6607 RIA/6607 Thèse Bibliothèque principale Thèses Disponible Documents numériques
texte intégreAdobe Acrobat PDF
Titre : Effet de l’inoculation des céréales par les PGPR et les mycorhizes en condition de déficit hydrique Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Wassila Nadji, Auteur ; Abdelhamid Djekoun, Directeur de thèse Editeur : جامعة الإخوة منتوري قسنطينة Année de publication : 2017 Importance : 128 f. Format : 30 cm. Note générale : 2 copies imprimées disponibles.
Langues : Français (fre) Catégories : Français - Anglais
BiologieTags : Durum wheat soft wheat barley triticale water stress inoculation Frankia Azospirillum mycorrhizal spores diversity Blé dur blé tendre orge stress hydrique Frankia Cci3 Azospirillum brasilense spores des mycorhizes diversité القمح الصلب القمح اللين الشعير التريتيكال الاجھاد المائي أبواغ الميكوريزا المعالجة التطعيم التنوع Index. décimale : 570 Sciences de la vie. Biologie Résumé : In Algeria, cereal production remains deficient and does not meet growing demand. It is strongly linked on the first hand to climatic conditions, water stress, increased abnormal temperatures, low rainfall and on the other hand to the characteristic of soils which lack nitrogen and phosphorus and all these factors affect and fall yields. Several approaches to improve cereal production are used, among which is the method based on the use of microorganisms such as Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi which are the
main symbiotic components of the soil. These fungal symbiotes are known in the course of the main biogeochemical cycles of soils in the growth of plants by promoting their mineral and hydric nutrients. The aim of this work is to study the diversity of endomycorrhizal spores in durum wheat fields (Triticum durum) in arid, semi-arid and coastal zones. Soil samples were collected from the Algerian eastern wheat patches, the spores were isolated by the wet sieving method and observed under the binocular microscope to sort and count according to color,
shape and size. Physico-chemical and catabolic analyzes of soils as well as mycorhization parameters were calculated. The field soil of the semi-arid regions of the eastern region is clayey limono and clay loam, its pH is alkaline (7.54-8.27), the total nitrogen content is (0.023 to 0.082%), Phosphorus are between (1.63% -7.74%). The presence of several morphotypes was noted. The latter are classified as follows: Glomeraceae, Acaulosporaceae, Scutellosporaceae with a predominance of Glomeraceae in the different sites according to the climate and the
nature of the soils. The presence of these families demonstrates biodiversity in the plots of wheat in eastern Algeria. Secondly a comparative study on the morphological and biochemical physiological level of the behavior of plants inoculated by mycrosymbiotes of two genotypes of durum wheat, soft wheat, barley and triticale in the presence or absence of water stress Under greenhouse conditions under controlled conditions. Trials were conducted for three years.
These genotypes were inoculated with three Frankia Cci3 inocula, Azospirillum brasilense and mycorrhizal spores. After cultivation, the plants were harvested. The growth parameters were measured as well as the dry weight of the plant and roots and the chlorophyll and nitrogen levels.The obtained results are significant. They show that inoculation with mycorrhizal spores (IM) treatment improves the growth of the plant in length of ear leaves and roots. The Azospirillum (AI) treatment has a favorable effect on the nitrogen content accumulated in the
leaves of the inoculated plants and the plants inoculated under water stress compared to the control plants
Diplôme : Doctorat En ligne : ../theses/biologie/NAD7171.pdf Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=10586 Effet de l’inoculation des céréales par les PGPR et les mycorhizes en condition de déficit hydrique [texte imprimé] / Wassila Nadji, Auteur ; Abdelhamid Djekoun, Directeur de thèse . - جامعة الإخوة منتوري قسنطينة, 2017 . - 128 f. ; 30 cm.
2 copies imprimées disponibles.
Langues : Français (fre)
Catégories : Français - Anglais
BiologieTags : Durum wheat soft wheat barley triticale water stress inoculation Frankia Azospirillum mycorrhizal spores diversity Blé dur blé tendre orge stress hydrique Frankia Cci3 Azospirillum brasilense spores des mycorhizes diversité القمح الصلب القمح اللين الشعير التريتيكال الاجھاد المائي أبواغ الميكوريزا المعالجة التطعيم التنوع Index. décimale : 570 Sciences de la vie. Biologie Résumé : In Algeria, cereal production remains deficient and does not meet growing demand. It is strongly linked on the first hand to climatic conditions, water stress, increased abnormal temperatures, low rainfall and on the other hand to the characteristic of soils which lack nitrogen and phosphorus and all these factors affect and fall yields. Several approaches to improve cereal production are used, among which is the method based on the use of microorganisms such as Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi which are the
main symbiotic components of the soil. These fungal symbiotes are known in the course of the main biogeochemical cycles of soils in the growth of plants by promoting their mineral and hydric nutrients. The aim of this work is to study the diversity of endomycorrhizal spores in durum wheat fields (Triticum durum) in arid, semi-arid and coastal zones. Soil samples were collected from the Algerian eastern wheat patches, the spores were isolated by the wet sieving method and observed under the binocular microscope to sort and count according to color,
shape and size. Physico-chemical and catabolic analyzes of soils as well as mycorhization parameters were calculated. The field soil of the semi-arid regions of the eastern region is clayey limono and clay loam, its pH is alkaline (7.54-8.27), the total nitrogen content is (0.023 to 0.082%), Phosphorus are between (1.63% -7.74%). The presence of several morphotypes was noted. The latter are classified as follows: Glomeraceae, Acaulosporaceae, Scutellosporaceae with a predominance of Glomeraceae in the different sites according to the climate and the
nature of the soils. The presence of these families demonstrates biodiversity in the plots of wheat in eastern Algeria. Secondly a comparative study on the morphological and biochemical physiological level of the behavior of plants inoculated by mycrosymbiotes of two genotypes of durum wheat, soft wheat, barley and triticale in the presence or absence of water stress Under greenhouse conditions under controlled conditions. Trials were conducted for three years.
These genotypes were inoculated with three Frankia Cci3 inocula, Azospirillum brasilense and mycorrhizal spores. After cultivation, the plants were harvested. The growth parameters were measured as well as the dry weight of the plant and roots and the chlorophyll and nitrogen levels.The obtained results are significant. They show that inoculation with mycorrhizal spores (IM) treatment improves the growth of the plant in length of ear leaves and roots. The Azospirillum (AI) treatment has a favorable effect on the nitrogen content accumulated in the
leaves of the inoculated plants and the plants inoculated under water stress compared to the control plants
Diplôme : Doctorat En ligne : ../theses/biologie/NAD7171.pdf Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=10586 Exemplaires (1)
Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité NAD/7171 NAD/7171 Thèse Bibliothèque principale Thèses Disponible
Titre : Embryogénèse somatique, variations somaclonales et tolérance à la salinité chez le blé dur (Triticum durumDesf.). : (Analyse génotypique et moléculaire) Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Zoheira Benabdelhafid, Auteur ; Abdelhamid Djekoun, Directeur de thèse Editeur : جامعة الإخوة منتوري قسنطينة Année de publication : 2016 Importance : 144 f. Format : 30 cm. Note générale : 2 copies imprimées disponibles
Langues : Français (fre) Catégories : Français - Anglais
BiologieTags : Blé dur stress salin embryon mature embryogénèse somatique régénération in vitro variations somaclonales RAPD polymorphisme Durum wheat salt stress mature embryo somatic embryogenesis in vitro
regeneration somaclonal variation polymorphism القمح القاسي الإجهاد الملحي الجنين ناضجة مرحلة التطور الجنيني الجسدية RAPDالتشكل المرفولوجي للزراعة في الزجاج تعدد الاشكالIndex. décimale : 570 Sciences de la vie. Biologie Résumé : The main objective of this work is to overcome the effect of salt stress on wheat
through different techniques and biotechnology approaches, which are used to improve the behavior of different varieties of durum wheat and to select the best performing. Somatic embryogenesis is currently integrated into many selection schemes since it can significantly reduce the length of improvement cycles. Development of somatic embryos was obtained after cultivation of six varieties of durum wheat (Waha, GuemGoum Rkhem, Beliouni Adnan- 2, Beni and Adnan mestina-1) on a nutrient medium supplemented with 3.5mg / l 2.4-D. The selection of tolerant varieties to the salt stress was achieved by the addition of a selective agent: NaCl. This study is based on the addition of different concentrations of NaCl (0, 4, 8,
12, 16 g/l) to the medium to study the salt stress effect on the development of somatic embryogenesis. NaCl introduced to the regeneration medium was carried out by a sequential addition of different graded concentrations to determine the callus growth rate, the water content, the content of K +, Na + contents and the K + / Na + ratio in the presence orabsence of stress. Moreover, the application of salt stress through direct addition of different NaCl concentrations during the induction phase of callogenesis was exploited to determine the influence of stress on the rate of callogenesis, the germination rate, the rate of embryogenic calli, the regeneration rate and the average number of regenerated plants per callus. in vitro regeneration has proved susceptibelty to the development of somaclonal variation, because
when callogenesis, somatic cells must be adapted to the culture medium and generate new changes in the genome. The detection of these variations is generally performed through revelation techniques by molecular methods. In this study, DNA extracted from the regenerated plants was subjected to polymerase chain reaction (PCR) that allowed, from this template DNA in the presence of arbitrary 9 RAPD primers to obtain a degree of polymorphism indicating the presence of somaclonal variation. Analysis of RAPD profiles revealed that the presence of somaclonal variation may be the result of many crop cycles, application of a severe stress weans and different responses of durum wheat genotypes for cultivation in vitro regeneration.
Diplôme : Doctorat En ligne : ../theses/biologie/BEN6928.pdf Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=10280 Embryogénèse somatique, variations somaclonales et tolérance à la salinité chez le blé dur (Triticum durumDesf.). : (Analyse génotypique et moléculaire) [texte imprimé] / Zoheira Benabdelhafid, Auteur ; Abdelhamid Djekoun, Directeur de thèse . - جامعة الإخوة منتوري قسنطينة, 2016 . - 144 f. ; 30 cm.
2 copies imprimées disponibles
Langues : Français (fre)
Catégories : Français - Anglais
BiologieTags : Blé dur stress salin embryon mature embryogénèse somatique régénération in vitro variations somaclonales RAPD polymorphisme Durum wheat salt stress mature embryo somatic embryogenesis in vitro
regeneration somaclonal variation polymorphism القمح القاسي الإجهاد الملحي الجنين ناضجة مرحلة التطور الجنيني الجسدية RAPDالتشكل المرفولوجي للزراعة في الزجاج تعدد الاشكالIndex. décimale : 570 Sciences de la vie. Biologie Résumé : The main objective of this work is to overcome the effect of salt stress on wheat
through different techniques and biotechnology approaches, which are used to improve the behavior of different varieties of durum wheat and to select the best performing. Somatic embryogenesis is currently integrated into many selection schemes since it can significantly reduce the length of improvement cycles. Development of somatic embryos was obtained after cultivation of six varieties of durum wheat (Waha, GuemGoum Rkhem, Beliouni Adnan- 2, Beni and Adnan mestina-1) on a nutrient medium supplemented with 3.5mg / l 2.4-D. The selection of tolerant varieties to the salt stress was achieved by the addition of a selective agent: NaCl. This study is based on the addition of different concentrations of NaCl (0, 4, 8,
12, 16 g/l) to the medium to study the salt stress effect on the development of somatic embryogenesis. NaCl introduced to the regeneration medium was carried out by a sequential addition of different graded concentrations to determine the callus growth rate, the water content, the content of K +, Na + contents and the K + / Na + ratio in the presence orabsence of stress. Moreover, the application of salt stress through direct addition of different NaCl concentrations during the induction phase of callogenesis was exploited to determine the influence of stress on the rate of callogenesis, the germination rate, the rate of embryogenic calli, the regeneration rate and the average number of regenerated plants per callus. in vitro regeneration has proved susceptibelty to the development of somaclonal variation, because
when callogenesis, somatic cells must be adapted to the culture medium and generate new changes in the genome. The detection of these variations is generally performed through revelation techniques by molecular methods. In this study, DNA extracted from the regenerated plants was subjected to polymerase chain reaction (PCR) that allowed, from this template DNA in the presence of arbitrary 9 RAPD primers to obtain a degree of polymorphism indicating the presence of somaclonal variation. Analysis of RAPD profiles revealed that the presence of somaclonal variation may be the result of many crop cycles, application of a severe stress weans and different responses of durum wheat genotypes for cultivation in vitro regeneration.
Diplôme : Doctorat En ligne : ../theses/biologie/BEN6928.pdf Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=10280 Exemplaires (1)
Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité BEN/6928 BEN/6928 Thèse Bibliothèque principale Thèses Disponible
Titre : Etude des enzymes du stress oxydatif chez le blé dur (Triticum durum Desf.) : caractérisation biochimique et moléculaire. Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Karima Bouchemal, Auteur ; Abdelhamid Djekoun, Directeur de thèse Editeur : جامعة الإخوة منتوري قسنطينة Année de publication : 2018 Importance : 172 f. Format : 30 cm. Note générale : 2 copies imprimées disponibles
Langues : Français (fre) Catégories : Français - Anglais
BiologieTags : Blé dur stress hydrique antioxydants isoenzymes stress oxydatif peroxydase catalase superoxyde dismutase expression génique Durum wheat water stress antioxidants oxydative stress peroxidase superoxide dismutase gene expression القمح الصلب الإجهاد المائي مضادات الأكسدة الإنزيمات المتشابهة الإجهاد التأكسدي التعبير الوراثيperoxydase Index. décimale : 570 Sciences de la vie. Biologie Résumé : Plant drought tolerance requires the activation of complex metabolic including antioxidative pathways, especially reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging enzymatic systems. In this study, 10 durum wheat genotypes (Triticum durum Desf.) were evaluated under drought stress conditions, in order to highlight the correlations between genetic diversity identified through enzymatic markers : superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POX) and water stress tolerance properties. Firstly, in the first assay, we characterized the impact of oxidative stress and assessed the performance of different cultivars of durum wheat under drought, heat and paraquat stress. The activities of enzymatic antioxidants SOD, CAT, GPOX and oxidative biomarkers were measured : lipid peroxidation, H2O2 content, membrane stability, and total chlorophyll content. In addition, a correlation analysis between antioxidant enzymes, oxidative markers and physiological parameters related to water status was performed. Results indicated that the 3 treatments decreased membrane stability, chlorophyll content and increased lipid peroxidation, H2O2 content and activities of antioxidant enzymes.However, there were significant differences between wheat cultivars in amounts of decrease or increase in the measured traits. Correlation analysis between biochemical and physiological parameters revealed the singularity of SOD enzyme, which is particularly related to the relative water content, stomatal conductance and total chlorophyll content, The second part of this thesis was devoted to the study of the genetic variability of the three foliar enzymatic systems which allowed us to refine the results of the biochemical and physiological analysis as well as to highlight the influence of water stress on the metabolism of these enzymes in wheat plants grown hydroponically and treated with PEG 6000. An approach based on native PAGE has been developed to evaluate whether the observed overall variations, resulted from qualitative (presence/absence) or quantitative variations specific to certain isoenzymes. Marked differences were detected in the profiles of the studied 3 enzymatic systems studied. Electrophoretic analysis showed the induction of new isoforms and an increase in their intensity in durum wheat cultivars under water stress. Finally, the study of the expression of genes coding for these enzymes, in leaf cells of durum wheat was conducted through RealTime quantitative RT-PCR. Expression levels of 3 genes coding for CAT (TdCAT1, CATA, CAT3), 3 genes coding for POX (Pox3, TaPrx107, TaPrx115) and 2 genes coding for SOD (TdMnSOD, SOD1.1) were differently affected by drought. A variation in transcript accumulation was observed in response to water stress. This molecular approach identified the genes CATA, CAT3, TdMnSOD and SOD1.1 as candidate genes for potential genetic engineering targets and research for molecular markers as a selection tool for improving the tolerance of durum wheat to water stress. Diplôme : Doctorat En ligne : ../theses/biologie/BOU7398.pdf Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=11048 Etude des enzymes du stress oxydatif chez le blé dur (Triticum durum Desf.) : caractérisation biochimique et moléculaire. [texte imprimé] / Karima Bouchemal, Auteur ; Abdelhamid Djekoun, Directeur de thèse . - جامعة الإخوة منتوري قسنطينة, 2018 . - 172 f. ; 30 cm.
2 copies imprimées disponibles
Langues : Français (fre)
Catégories : Français - Anglais
BiologieTags : Blé dur stress hydrique antioxydants isoenzymes stress oxydatif peroxydase catalase superoxyde dismutase expression génique Durum wheat water stress antioxidants oxydative stress peroxidase superoxide dismutase gene expression القمح الصلب الإجهاد المائي مضادات الأكسدة الإنزيمات المتشابهة الإجهاد التأكسدي التعبير الوراثيperoxydase Index. décimale : 570 Sciences de la vie. Biologie Résumé : Plant drought tolerance requires the activation of complex metabolic including antioxidative pathways, especially reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging enzymatic systems. In this study, 10 durum wheat genotypes (Triticum durum Desf.) were evaluated under drought stress conditions, in order to highlight the correlations between genetic diversity identified through enzymatic markers : superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POX) and water stress tolerance properties. Firstly, in the first assay, we characterized the impact of oxidative stress and assessed the performance of different cultivars of durum wheat under drought, heat and paraquat stress. The activities of enzymatic antioxidants SOD, CAT, GPOX and oxidative biomarkers were measured : lipid peroxidation, H2O2 content, membrane stability, and total chlorophyll content. In addition, a correlation analysis between antioxidant enzymes, oxidative markers and physiological parameters related to water status was performed. Results indicated that the 3 treatments decreased membrane stability, chlorophyll content and increased lipid peroxidation, H2O2 content and activities of antioxidant enzymes.However, there were significant differences between wheat cultivars in amounts of decrease or increase in the measured traits. Correlation analysis between biochemical and physiological parameters revealed the singularity of SOD enzyme, which is particularly related to the relative water content, stomatal conductance and total chlorophyll content, The second part of this thesis was devoted to the study of the genetic variability of the three foliar enzymatic systems which allowed us to refine the results of the biochemical and physiological analysis as well as to highlight the influence of water stress on the metabolism of these enzymes in wheat plants grown hydroponically and treated with PEG 6000. An approach based on native PAGE has been developed to evaluate whether the observed overall variations, resulted from qualitative (presence/absence) or quantitative variations specific to certain isoenzymes. Marked differences were detected in the profiles of the studied 3 enzymatic systems studied. Electrophoretic analysis showed the induction of new isoforms and an increase in their intensity in durum wheat cultivars under water stress. Finally, the study of the expression of genes coding for these enzymes, in leaf cells of durum wheat was conducted through RealTime quantitative RT-PCR. Expression levels of 3 genes coding for CAT (TdCAT1, CATA, CAT3), 3 genes coding for POX (Pox3, TaPrx107, TaPrx115) and 2 genes coding for SOD (TdMnSOD, SOD1.1) were differently affected by drought. A variation in transcript accumulation was observed in response to water stress. This molecular approach identified the genes CATA, CAT3, TdMnSOD and SOD1.1 as candidate genes for potential genetic engineering targets and research for molecular markers as a selection tool for improving the tolerance of durum wheat to water stress. Diplôme : Doctorat En ligne : ../theses/biologie/BOU7398.pdf Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=11048 Exemplaires (1)
Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité BOU/7398 BOU/7398 Thèse Bibliothèque principale Thèses Disponible
PermalinkPermalink
Permalink
